摘要
通过2007—2010年田间定位试验,研究了平衡施肥、常规施肥和无肥（或低肥）条件下,免耕、深松和翻耕处理对渭北旱塬冬小麦-春玉米轮作田土壤贮水量、作物产量、水分利用效率（WUE）和纯收益的影响.结果表明：休闲期免耕处理蓄水保墒效果最好,深松次之,翻耕最差;轮作田生育期内免耕和深松处理0~200 cm平均土壤贮水量分别较翻耕提高6.7%和1.9%;各施肥条件下作物产量、WUE和纯收益均以深松处理最高,且以平衡施肥深松处理表现最好,2007—2008年冬小麦、2009年春玉米、2009—2010年冬小麦产量分别为6909、9689、5589 kg.hm-2,WUE分别为18.5、25.2、23.0 kg.hm-2.mm-1,纯收益分别为5034、5045、7098元.hm-2.因此,平衡施肥与深松组合处理的蓄水保墒和增产增收效果最好,是渭北旱塬冬小麦-春玉米轮作田较适合的施肥耕作模式.
A field experiment was conducted in 2007-2010 to study the effects of no-tillage,sub-soiling,and deep-ploughing combined with balanced fertilization,traditional fertilization,and no（or lower amount） fertilization on the soil water storage,crop yield,water use efficiency（WUE）,and economic return of winter wheat-spring maize rotation field in Weibei highland.Among the tillage measures,no-tillage in fallow period had the best effect in soil water conservation,followed by sub-soiling,and deep-ploughing.The average water storage in 0-200 cm soil layer in crop growth period under no-tillage and sub-soiling was 6.7% and 1.9% higher than that under deep-ploughing,respectively.Under the balanced,traditional,and no（or lower amount） fertilizations,sub-soiling all showed the highest yield,WUE,and economic return,with the best effect under balanced fertilization.The three-year crop yield under sub-soiling combined with balanced fertilization was 6909,9689,and 5589 kg·hm-2,WUE was 18.5,25.2,and 23.0 kg·hm-2·mm-1,and economic return was 5034,5045,and 7098 yuan·hm-2,respectively.It was suggested that balanced fertilization combined with sub-soiling had the best effect in soil water conservation and yield-and income increase,being the more appropriate fertilization and tillage mode for the wheat-maize rotation field in Weibei highland.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第7期1750-1758,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B03)
农业公益性行业科研专项(200803028)
国家自然科学基金项目(30771280
31071374)资助
关键词
渭北旱塬
作物轮作
保护性耕作
土壤贮水量
产量
水分利用效率
Weibei highland
crop rotation
conservation tillage
soil water storage
yield
water use efficiency
