摘要
目的了解2009-2010年绵阳市狂犬病暴露人群流行病学特征及暴露后所采用的预防控制措施,为加强狂犬病防治工作提供依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,对狂犬病暴露人群的性别、年龄、就诊时间、暴露级别、伤口处理、狂犬病疫苗及人狂犬病免疫球蛋白接种的及时性以及伤人动物的类别等因素进行统计分析。结果 2009-2010年绵阳市9个县市区疾病预防控制中心犬伤门诊共接诊狂犬病暴露人群4531例,男女性别比为1.14:1;0～岁组和40～岁组被咬伤人数最多,分别占犬伤总人数的23.31%和15.12%;伤后24h内就诊者达92.45%;Ⅱ级暴露者和伤及四肢者最多,分别占53.59%和87.46%;犬伤人占大部分,为93%;使用狂犬病免疫球蛋白人数占应使用者的45.35%。结论预防狂犬病要及时规范处理伤口并全程接种狂犬疫苗;加强犬类管理,减少暴露机会;同时,应加强狂犬病防治知识的宣传教育和医务人员的培训,普及狂犬病的防治知识。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological factors of the patients exposed to rabies and the control measure after the exposition in Mianyang from 2009 to 2010 for the purpose of prevention of rabies. Methods The descriptive research methods in this study was used. Including the gender, age, time admitted to out-patient department （OPD）,level of exposure, treatment for the bitten wound,timeliness of inoculating rabies vaccine and therapy with human rabies immunoglobulins, and the species of attacking animal. Results There were 4 531 rabies patients admitted to the clinic of 9 CDC of Mianyang city. The ratio of male to female was 1.14：1.Children under 10 years old and adults of 41-50 years old constituted majority of cases who were injured by animals （accounting for 23.31% and 15.12% ）. The exposed cases which were sent to hospitals within 24 hours accounted for 92.45%.Most of the exposure was class 2 （53.59%）and the wounds were on the limbs （87.46%）. 93% of the patients were bitten by dogs.The percentage of cases received human rabies immunoglobulins was only 45.35%. Conclusion We should do early wound cleaning and timely immunization with rabies vaccine after rabies exposure for the control and prevention of rabies, strengthen the management of dogs, avoid the contact with rabid animals, and strengthen the public and medical personnel education on rabies control and prevention.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2011年第6期698-699,702,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
四川省卫生厅2010年科研课题资助项目(100311)
关键词
狂犬病
暴露人群
流行病学
rabies
patients exposed to rabies
epidemiology
