摘要
堤防溃决时溃口附近水流形态及溃决流量变化过程的正确描述是指导溃口堵复及时避险、预测溃堤洪水演进并进一步评估淹没损失的前提条件。通过弯道水槽中的概化模型试验,根据无粘性土堤防漫顶溃决的溃口变化和水流运动特征,将无粘性土堤防溃决过程分为漫流、冲槽、展宽及稳定4个阶段。试验系统研究了堤防溃决后河道以及溃口附近水位的变化过程,研究了河道洪水流量、洪水位和筑堤材料对溃口处水位的影响。基于大量的试验资料,进一步归纳总结出溃决流量与溃口口门宽度及溃口处水头变化之间的关系。
Correctly describing the flow process near the breach site and the variation of breach discharge is essential to the prediction of overtopping flow and flood propagation,which provide valuable information for breach blocking and disaster preparation,as well as flood damage assessment.Based on the observational result from a series of bend flume experiments,the erosion process during overtopping breaching of non-cohesive embankments can be divided into four stages,overtopping,groove formation,breach stretching and stability.The analysis involves the variation in water levels and flood discharge in the river after overtopping breaching,the water-level difference between the inner and outer river,and the influence of embankment materials on water-level changes near the breach site.Finally,the study summarizes the relationship among the breaching discharge,the breach width and the water head near the site.
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期532-538,共7页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2007CB714100)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(11072180)~~
关键词
无粘性土堤漫顶溃决
弯道水槽试验
溃口处水流形态
溃决流量
overtopping breaching of non-cohesive embankments
bend flume experiments
flow patterns near the breach
breaching discharge
