摘要
利用通气法田间原位试验,研究了不同施肥模式、灌溉量对槟榔土壤氨挥发速率和挥发量的影响。结果表明:槟榔恢复期和出花期追肥灌水后,不同施肥处理均在第3天出现氨挥发速率峰值(0.50—3.42 kg·hm-·2d-1),而后迅速下降并进入低挥发阶段。出花期氨挥发速率峰值(1.50—4.42 kg·hm-·2d-1)比恢复期氨挥发速率峰值明显高。灌水量小(300 m3/hm2)的氨挥发率和总量比灌水量大(600 m3/hm2)的明显减小。在同一氮水平下,有机质含量较低的氨挥发率较高。在同一有机质含量条件,氨挥发率随着N肥含量增加而升高。与单施N肥处理相比,有机肥与N肥配施可明显减少氨挥发速率和总量,可减少氮损失。
Arecanut（Areca catechu L.）,which belongs to the family palmae,is one of the most important plantation crops in humid tropical areas.In recent years,demand for Arecanut has increased rapidly and the planted area of Hainan Province has multiplied.However,the average yield per unit area of Arecanut remains low.Appropriate fertilizer should be applied to Arecanut soil to improve its production.Arecanut was used the seed and peel as medicine,containing 0.3%-0.6% of alkaloid,gives priority to arecoline（0.1%-0.5%）.Long-term clinical practice proves： Arecanut has an efficacy of attacking impaction,killing pests and running water,which was used as roborant,digestant,astringent,antimalarial,decongestant,antitussive and emmenagogue.It can be prepared into the pills for diuresis,curing diarrhea,abdominal distension pain,edema,lumbago and bronchus,and also a specific remedy for preventing and curing tapeworms,roundworms,fasciolopsiasis and maw worm of livestock.In situ experiments combined with venting were conducted to study the effects of different fertilization patterns and irrigation on ammonia volatilization from soil in two growth seasons of Areca catechu L.The results showed that the peak ammonia volatilization rate（0.50-3.42 kg·hm^-2·d^-1） occurred in the third day after irrigation and fertilization at the recovering and flowering stages,then declined and entered a low volatilization phase.The peak ammonia volatilization rate（1.50-4.42 kg·hm^-2·d^-1） at the flowering stages was significantly higher than that at the recovering stages,because the amounts of ammonia volatilization at low irrigation volumes（300 m^3 /hm^2） were less than those at high irrigation volumes（600 m3 /hm2）.At the same level of nitrogen,the soil with a low organic matter content had higher ammonia volatilization,and when the soil organic matter content was the same,the ammonia volatilization rate increased with increasing N fertilizer levels.Compared with a single application of N fertilizer,the combination of organic manure and N fertilizer can significantly reduce the ammonia volatilization rate,thus reducing total nitrogen loss.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第15期4477-4484,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2007BAI27B03)
海南省自然科学基金(310107)
关键词
槟榔
灌溉
氮肥
有机肥
氨挥发
Areca catechu L.
irrigation
nitrogen fertilizer
organic fertilizer
ammonia volatilization
