摘要
催化裂化装置是炼油厂重要的二次加工装置,提供炼油厂70%以上的汽油和40%以上的柴油,催化裂化装置能耗占全厂总加工能耗的12%左右。可见,该装置既是能源消耗大户,又是能源生产大户。归纳起来看,催化裂化装置节能工作可从以下4方面入手:通过采用低焦炭产率的催化剂,在预提升段、原料喷嘴、提升管出口快分、汽提段等部位优化工艺设备,以及优化原料、实施低碳差操作等,降低催化裂化反应过程的焦炭产率;通过优化烟气轮机运行,机泵和空冷器增加变频器等措施,降低电耗;通过提高富气压缩机入口压力,优化余热锅炉运行,以及减少高中压蒸汽的减温减压、利用低压蒸汽发电等措施,提高低压蒸汽利用率,增加蒸汽产量,降低蒸汽消耗;加强与常减压、柴油加氢、气体分馏等装置间的热联合,增加低温热输出。针对催化裂化装置的原料、催化剂、公用工程配套、周边装置用能等特性,采取有针对性的措施,可以明显降低装置能耗。
The catalytic cracking unit is an important secondary processing facility for a refinery,which produces over 70% of all gasoline and 40% of all diesel oil produced by the refinery.The catalytic cracking unit consumes some 12% of all energy used in processing crude in a refinery.Therefore,the catalytic cracking unit is not only the major energy consumer but is also the major energy producer in a refinery.To cut energy consumption for the catalytic cracking unit,four measures can be taken： a.using low coke yield catalysts,optimizing technical equipment in the pre-riser,feedstock nozzle,riser outlet quick separation and stripping sections,optimizing feedstock and carrying out low carbon difference operation to reduce the yield of coke in the process of catalytic cracking reactions;reducing power consumption by optimizing the operation of the flue gas turbine and adding frequency converter to the mechanical pump and air cooler;raising the utilization rate of low-temperature steam,increasing steam output and reducing steam consumption by raising the inlet pressure of the petroleum gas compressor,optimizing the operation of the residual heat boiler and reducing the temperature and pressure drop for high and medium-pressure steam to use low-pressure steam to generate power;strengthening the heat use integration with atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit,diesel hydrogenation unit and gas fractionation unit and increasing low-temperature heat output.In addition,if measures are taken specifically according to the characteristics of feedstock,catalysts,pubic supporting facilities and peripheral facilities of the catalytic cracking unit,the unit′s energy consumption would drop significantly.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2011年第8期95-99,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
催化裂化装置
能耗
催化剂
热联合
技术改造
catalytic cracking unit
energy consumption
catalyst
heat use integration
technical upgrade
