摘要
在西安市城市主干道南二环路建立路面径流原位采样站,利用自制流量等比例采样装置,对2009年3—11月的34场降雨径流进行径流过程连续采样,测试各场次径流SS、COD、NH_4^+ N、Pb和Zn的事件平均质量浓度(EMC),计算径流次污染负荷,并在分析次污染负荷影响因素的基础上,采用多元回归方法建立径流次污染负荷数学模型。结果表明,西安市城市主干道路面径流SS、COD、NH_4^+-N、Pb和Zn的次污染负荷分别为4.56～778.39 kg/hm^2、2.22～308.7 kg/hm^2、0.01～1.39 kg/hm^2、0.05～33.09g/hm^2和1.38～115.82 g/hm^2,不同场次径流事件携带入受纳水体的污染物量差异大,对受纳水体造成冲击影响。表征降雨特征的各因子中,降雨量与路面径流次污染负荷呈显著正相关,在显著性水平0.01时相关系数为0.734～0.943,最大降雨强度和降雨历时也与次污染负荷显著正相关,而前期晴天时间与次污染负荷不相关。所建立的径流污染负荷模型一致通过拟合优度检验和方程显著性检验,可用于对路面径流次污染负荷的预测。
The present paper is aimed at providing its authors＇ detailed analysis of the potential pollution effect of the urban trunk road runoff on their receiving water bodies by taking Xi＇ an city as a case study. Road runoff, as a heavily polluted part of urban environment, has been paid much attention by the researchers. There do exist some kinds of pollutants in this aspect, such as particulate matter, organic bacteria, nutrients as well as heavy metals. The total mass of the runoff pollutants, in other words, pollution load, has been widely used to represent the potential pollution effect of the trunk road runoff once they are receiving water bodies. It is just for their harmful na- ture that has drawn wide interest of a lot of researchers, some of whom initiated serious schemes and programs of essential monitoring work. Both domestic and international study reports in recent years say that the degree of the archway runoff pollution seriousness seems to be different from country to country, and from region to region be- cause many factors, such as the annual rainfall, types of surrounding land use, air pollution, road maintenance, the urban transportation management and so on, may all influence it. Such factors may often underscore the urgency of field research and as a result prevent it from getting well recognized. In this paper, we have collected urban trunk road road runoff data caused by 34 storm events, which were proportional to the total volume at the southern suburb and the second ring road in Xi＇an by using a self-made volume proportional collect- ing device from March to November in 2009. Event mean concentra- tion （EMC） of SS, COD, NH4＋ - N, Pb and Zn were tested and pol- lution loads were calculated. The multiple regression models of runoff pollution load were built up based on the analysis of influential fac- tors. Results of our experiments show that the pollution loads of SS, COD, NH3 N, Pb and Zn of Xi＇an＇s urban trunk road road runoff were4.56- 778.39 kg/hm2, 2.22- 308.7 kg/hm2, 0.01- 1.39 kgAun2, 0.05 - 33.09 g/hm2 and 1.38 - 115.82 g/hm2. The amount of the pollutants entering into the receiving water bodies carried by the road runoff in different runoff events were quite different and caused shocking effects on the receiving water bodies. In addition, the rainfall had most significant impact on the pollution load positively and the correlation coefficient was 0.734 - 0.943 at the significant level of 0.01. Maximum rain intensity and duration were also positively correlated with pollution loads, though antecedent dry period（ADP） had little relationship with it. Thus, it can be conclud- ed that the established multiple regression models of runoff pollution load passed the model test surely and can in tuna be used for the road runoff pollution load forecasting.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期112-117,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2009JC118)
长安大学基础研究支持计划项目
关键词
环境工程学
路面径流
污染负荷
径流平均浓度
多元回归
数学模型
environmental engineering
road runoff
pollution load
event mean concentration （EMC）
multiple regression
mathematical model
