摘要
以旱地品种"西峰20"和"晋麦47"、水旱兼用型品种"石家庄8号"、高水肥地品种"石4185"和"科农9204"5个冬小麦品种为材料,通过田间不同灌溉处理试验研究了不同抗旱类型冬小麦品种收获指数和群体水分利用效率对产量水分利用效率的影响差异。结果表明:不同抗旱类型的小麦在不同灌溉处理下,产量水分利用效率(WUEy)以及变化趋势存在显著差异。旱地冬小麦品种WUEy和收获指数(HI)显著低于水地品种和水旱兼用型品种。不同品种间WUEy最大相差42.01%,HI相差25.91%。HI和群体水分利用效率(WUEbm)与WUEy呈显著正相关关系。株高与HI呈显著负相关关系(R2=0.574)。在不灌溉条件下,品种间WUEy差异源自HI的差异;而在补充灌溉条件下,品种间WUEy的差异源自WUEbm和HI的共同作用。说明不同抗旱类型的小麦对不同灌溉处理的响应方式和适应策略不同。旱地品种在干旱胁迫条件下,主要靠增加WUEbm来提高WUEy;而水地品种和水旱兼用型品种在补充灌溉中凭借较高的WUEbm和HI共同作用提高WUEy。
Five drought tolerant winter wheat cultivars were used to evaluate the differences in the effects of harvest index（HI） and biomass water use efficiency（WUEbm） on grain yield water use efficiency（WUEy） under different irrigation schemes.The wheat cultivars included dryland cultivars of ＂Xifeng 20＂ and ＂Jinmai 47＂,dry/wetland cultivar of ＂Shijiazhuang 8＂,and wetland cultivars of ＂Shi 4185＂ and ＂Kenong 9204＂.The results showed significant differences in WUEy and its changing trends among different drought tolerant wheat cultivars.Dryland cultivars had significantly lower WUEy than wetland and wet/dryland cultivars,with the highest WUEy difference of 42.01%.Average water consumption of the drought tolerant wheat cultivars was 343-350 mm.No sig-nificant difference was noted in the amount of water consumption among different cultivars.This suggested that although dryland cultivars were drought tolerant,it did not limit the rate of water consumption.It also suggested that the main factor of WUEy was WUEbm and HI.Dryland cultivars had significantly lower HI than wetland and wet/dryland cultivars,with the highest HI difference of 25.91%.Significant positive correlations were noted between HI and WUEy,and between WUEbm and WUEy.The correlation be-tween plant height and HI was negative（R2 = 0.574）.Under no irrigation,no obvious difference was noted in WUEbm among different cultivars.Dryland cultivars had lower HI than the other cultivars.The difference in WUEy among different cultivars was driven by the differences in HI.Under supplemental irrigation conditions,however,wetland and wet/dryland cultivars had higher WUEbm and HI than dryland cultivars.The differences in WUEy came mainly from interactive effects of HI and WUEbm.The results suggested that different drought-tolerant wheat cultivars had responded differently to the same condition and therefore had different adaptation strategies to environmental conditions.Dryland cultivars enhanced WUEbm which in turn led to higher WUEy in extreme drought conditions.Wetland and wet/dryland cultivars,on the other hand,enhanced HI and WUEbm to yield higher WUEy under supplemental irrigation conditions.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期1096-1103,共8页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(200895B13-04
2009BAD3B-03-08)
中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KSCX2-EW-J-5)资助
关键词
小麦品种
抗旱类型
产量水分利用效率
群体水分利用效率
收获指数
Wheat cultivar
Drought tolerant type
Yield water use efficiency
Biomass water use efficiency
Harvest index
