摘要
【目的】研究滴灌长绒棉实现高产的灌溉用水量,为制定滴灌长绒棉配套栽培技术及水资源的合理利用提供理论依据。【方法】在长绒棉主产地阿瓦提县的中高肥力滴灌棉田,选用新海24号,在生育期设置6个不同灌量处理,研究不同滴灌量对长绒棉生长发育及产量的影响。【结果】(1)低灌量处理的土壤耕层硝态氮含量高于高灌量处理,后期尤为明显;(2)头水后,随滴灌量的增加,长绒棉生育进程相对后延;相同时期长绒棉单株叶面积指数(LAI)与滴灌量呈正相关,7月21日为最大值,随后开始下降,下降速率随滴灌量的增加而减缓;(3)各处理单株干物质积累呈Logistic生长曲线,经济产量快速积累期的积累速率(△V)及出现的时间(T)差异较大;(4)W_4处理(灌量为240 m^3/667 m^2)的单株成铃数及籽棉产量最高。【结论】方程Y=-762.571 4+8.828 6 X-0.0171 43X^2(R^2=0.958 2**)为滴灌量与籽棉产量关系式。计算得出:当滴灌量X=257.5 m^3/667 m^2,长绒棉籽棉产量有最大值374.1 kg/667 m^2。高于或低于此值都会造成产量下降,不同灌量对长绒棉籽棉产量的影响主要是通过影响单株成铃数实现的,而对内在遗传品质决定的单铃重及衣分基本无影响。
[Objective]The program was to nail down the quantity of water under the drip irrigation on Avati County＇s long - staple cotton fields for maximum yield production with the purpose of providing theoretical basis for a compete set of long - staple cotton cultivation techniques of drip irrigation and the rational application of water.[Method]In the high fertility cotton fields in our country＇ s leading producing area,that is,Avati County,Xinhai 24 was chosen and 6 different irrigation treatments in growth period were set to research the influence of different quantities of drip irrigation on the cotton growth and yield.[Result] （1） After the first water,with the increased amount of drip irrigation,the long - staple cotton growth process was deferred;（2） During the same period,drip irrigation amount of different processing disease - resistant g. barbadense plants leaf area index（LAI） and drip irrigation amount were positively correlated.Flowering boll period for processing was the maximum,and then began to decline.The drop rate became slower with the increased amount of drip irrigation;（3 ） The accumulation of dry matter yield by the different treatment of drip irrigation showed a logistic growth curve.The accumulation of rate of economic yield rapid accumulation phase of（ΔV） and the time of appearance（T） are different;（4） Through the analysis of the production and the form factors,the test for W4 treatment was the highest irrigation water for the maximum yield.[Conclusion] The regression equation of different quantity of drip irrigation and long - staple cotton seed cotton yield was a open -down parabola：Y = - 762.571 4 ＋ 8.828 6 X - 0.017 143 X^2（R^2 = 0.958 2^（＊ ＊））;After the calculation;when drip irrigation amount X=257.5 m^3/667 m^2,long -staple cotton seed cotton yield reached the maximum;374.1 kg/667 m^2.In this study,when pure nitrogen 20 kg was applied in the high fertility drip irrigation field,among which 80%was used with water,the seed cotton yield by the 6 irrigation treatments revealed a significant difference.Drip irrigation capacity of 240 m^3/667 m^2（W4）is the irrigation water for long -staple cotton maximum yield production.
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第8期1379-1385,共7页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑"棉花持续优质高效生产技术体系研究与示范"(2006BADB02-1)
新疆维吾尔自治区"十一五"科技攻关(含重大专项)和重点项目(课题)"棉花高产优质高效栽培技术研究"(200731133-1)
农业部行业性公益项目"棉花简化种植节本增效生产技术研究与应用"(nyhyzx07-005:3-5-20)
科技部富民强县项目"优质长绒棉技术体系构建及产业化"
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项"南疆地区棉花和果树间作棉花优良品种筛选及配套关键栽培技术研究"(201003043-07)
关键词
棉花
滴灌模式
不同灌量
产量
cotton
drip irrigation mode
different irrigation amount
yield
