摘要
为研究超声辅助提取对豆渣中水不溶性大豆膳食纤维提取效率及物理特性的影响,该文以超声波为辅助,在液料比、超声功率强度、超声温度和超声时间4个单因素试验的基础上,通过四元二次通用旋转组合设计试验优化超声辅助提取水不溶性大豆膳食纤维的工艺条件,并采用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪等对超声辅助、酸溶碱沉、酶解辅助提取所获得的水不溶性大豆膳食纤维产品进行了物理特性表征。优化试验结果表明,在液料比35 mL/g、超声功率强度600 W/g、超声温度50℃、间歇性超声处理累计时间50 min条件下水不溶性大豆膳食纤维提取率较高,达92.11%。物性分析结果显示,与酸溶碱沉、酶解辅助提取的水不溶性大豆膳食纤维相比,超声辅助提取的水不溶性大豆膳食纤维具有更高的持水力、溶胀力、结合水力和结合脂肪能力以及更丰富的空间网状结构。研究结果揭示,超声辅助提取法不仅能够提高豆渣中水不溶性大豆膳食纤维的提取率,而且对其加工性能有很好的改进作用。
The effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction on extraction rate and physical characteristics of water insoluble dietary fibers （IDF） were studied. Based on the single factor experiments ： the ratio of water to dry soybean dregs powder, ultrasonic power intensity, ultrasonic temperature and extraction time, the four-factor second order rotation combination experimental design was applied to optimize the parameters for IDF of ultrasound-assisted extraction. The physical characteristics of the IDF obtained by technology of ultrasound-assisted extraction （UAE） were examined by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis approaches, including water-holding, extension, water-binding, fat-binding capacities, SEM, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectra and TG, and compared with acid dissolution and alkali precipitatiom （ADAP） and enzyme-assisted extraction （EAE）. The results indicated that the highest yield of 92.11% was reached under the conditions which the ratio of water to dry soybean dregs power was 35 mL/g, ultrasonic power intensity 600 W/g, ultrasonic temperature 50 ℃ and extraction time 50 min. The IDF obtained by UAE had higher water-holding, extension, water-binding and fat-binding capacities, and much abundant reticular structure than those obtained by ADAP and EAE. The analytic data of FT-IR and TG indicated that ultrasound treatment could raise the free hydroxyl groups, but did not change its pyrolysis mechanism. In conclusion, UAE not only increased the extraction rate of IDF, but also improved physical characteristics.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第9期387-392,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家大学生创新实验计划项目(091035953)
关键词
超声
提取
物理特性
豆渣
膳食纤维
结构表征
ultrasonics
extraction
physical properties
soybean dregs
dietary fiber
structure characterization
