摘要
硫脲类抗甲状腺药物具有抑制甲状腺激素生成的作用,临床上用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症。常见的硫脲类抗甲状腺药物有丙硫氧嘧啶和甲巯咪唑。其不良反应包括药疹、粒细胞缺乏症、严重肝损伤、抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎等,并有一定的致畸作用。严重肝损伤和ANCA相关性血管炎的发生多与丙硫氧嘧啶有关,致畸作用主要见于甲巯咪唑。儿童和非妊娠期甲状腺功能亢进症患者的治疗首选甲巯咪唑,妊娠和哺乳期患者首选丙硫氧嘧啶。防治硫脲类抗甲状腺药物不良反应的措施包括:合理用药、定期监测、出现不良反应及时停药,以及对症治疗。
Thiourea antithyroid drugs have an inhibitory effect on the production of thyroid hormone and are used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in clinical practice.The commonly used thiourea antithyroid drugs are methimazole and propylthiouracil.Their adverse reactions include drug eruption,agranulocytosis,serious hepatic injures,ANCA-associated vasculitis and teratogenicity. Severe hepatic injures and ANCA-associated vasculitis are mainly related to propylthiouracil,while teratogenicity is caused by methimazole.Methimazole is a first-choice drug for treating children and non-pregnant women with hyperthyroidism,while propylthiouracil is a first-choice drug for treating pregnant and breast-feeding women.The measures of the prevention and treatment of adverse reactions to thiourea antithyroid drugs are as follows：rational drug use,regular monitoring,drug withdrawl immediately after developing related adverse reactions and treatment.
出处
《药物不良反应杂志》
2011年第4期232-235,共4页
Adverse Drug Reactions Journal
