1Viuet S,Chiolero RL,Bollmann MD,et al.Negative impact of hypocalodc feeding and energy balance on clinical outome in ICU patients.Clin Nutr,2005,24:502-9.
3Kompan L,Kremzar B,Gadzijev E,et al.Effects of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability and the development of multiple organ failure after multiple injury.Intensive Care Med,1999,25(2)57-61.
3Drosd man NA. Zhiming L. Andruzzi,etel. U. S.houwehlder survey of functional gastrointestinal discorders : orevance, socilde mography, and health inpact. Dig Dis Sci,1993;38(9): 1569-1850
4Lones R,Lydeard S. Irritable bowel syndrome in the general poprlation ,BMJ, 1992 ; 304 (6819) : 87-90
5Bi - Zhen W, Qi - Ying P. Functional bowel disorders in apparently health Chinese people. Clin J Epidemiol, 1998;9(4) : 345-349
6Calvo C, Ruza F, Lopez-Herce, et al. Usefulness of gastric intramucosal pH for monitoring hemodynamic complications in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med, 1997,23 : 1268-1274.
7Heard So, Helsmoortel CM, Kent JC et al. Gastric tonometry in healthy volunteers: effect of ranitidine on calculated intramural pH . Crit Care Med ,1991, 19:271-274.
8Kolkman JJ, Steverink PJ, Groeneveld AB, et al. Characteristics of time-dependent PCO2 in the normal human stomach. Br J Anaesth , 1998, 81:669-675.
9Groeneveld ABJ, Vervloet M, Kolkman JJ. Gastric tonometry in the fed or fasting state. Crit Care Med,1998, 26:1937-1939.
10Levy B, Perrigault PF, Gawalkiewicz P, et al. Gastric versus duodenal feeding and gastric tonometric measurements. Crit Care Med ,1998, 26: 1991-1994.