摘要
介绍不锈钢氧化皮的组成和性能,以及去除不锈钢氧化皮的方法——碱浸和酸洗。氧化型碱浸是将低价铁的氧化物转化为高价铁的氧化物,使铬、镍尖晶石的结构和成分发生变化,氧化皮易于去除。氧化型碱浸熔液是由质量分数为75%～80%的氢氧化钠、质量分数为20%～25%的硝酸钠和质量分数为5%的氯化钠组成。还原型碱浸是利用NaH的还原熔解作用,将氧化皮中Fe,Ni,Cr等难溶性金属氧化物还原为金属或低价氧化物,使氧化皮爆裂脱落。还原型碱浸熔液由质量分数0.16%～0.30%的NaH加NaOH组成。国内不锈钢酸洗工艺普遍采用氧化型碱浸和混酸酸洗,酸液由质量分数10%～20%的HNO3及质量分数1%～5%的HF组成。
To introduce the composition and properties of stainless steel oxide scale, the method to remove stainless steel oxide scale such as alkali extraction and pickling. The oxidation type alkali extraction is to convert low iron oxide to high i- ron oxide, which changes the structure and composition of Cr, Ni spinel, and removes oxide scale. The oxidation type alka- li extraction is composed of mass fraction 75% ~ 80% sodium hydroxide, mass fraction 20% -25% sodium nitrate and mass fraction 5% sodium chloride. The reduced alkali extraction adopts the reduction melted of sodium hydride, which re- duces Fe, Ni, Cr indissolvable metal oxide in oxide scale to metal or low oxide, makes oxide scale blow out and drop. The reduced alkali extraction is composed of 0.16% - 0.30% sodium hydride and sodium hydroxide. Domestic stainless steel pickling process usually adopts oxidation type alkali extraction and mixed acid pickling, pickling solution is composed of mass fraction 10% ~20% nitric acid and mass fraction 1% ~5% hydrofluoric acid.
出处
《金属制品》
2011年第5期37-41,共5页
Metal Products
关键词
不锈钢
氧化皮
氧化型碱浸
还原型碱浸
高锰酸钾碱浸
酸洗
表面处理
stainless steel
oxide scale
oxidation type alkali extraction
reduced alkali extraction
potassium permanga-nate alkali extraction
pickling
surface treatment
