摘要
以多聚甲醛为原料,在三甲胺的催化下与正丁醛发生羟醛缩合反应制备2,2-二羟甲基丁醛.GC、GC-MS分析发现2,2-二羟甲基丁醛为主产物、2-乙基丙烯醛为最主要的副产物.通过对无机碱、有机碱催化剂进行筛选,发现三甲胺水溶液为较优催化剂.当以10%的水为反应溶剂,多聚甲醛∶正丁醛∶三甲胺=2.5∶1.0∶0.050(摩尔比)时,在80℃反应2 h后,正丁醛转化率为91%,2,2-二羟甲基丁醛的选择性为78%,得率为71%.以固体甲醛替代甲醛水溶液有利于减少含醛废水的排放,符合绿色化学的发展趋势.
PFA was used instead of formaldehyde solution to react with butyraldehyde for preparing 2,2 - dimethylol - 1 - butanal. GC and GC - MS results showed that the main product was 2,2 - dimethylol - 1 - butanal while 2 - ethylacrylaldehyde was the principal by - product. Among the inorganic base and organic base catalysts, teimethylamine was found to be the optimal one. When using water as solvent and at PFA： butyraldehyde： trimethylamine （ molar ratio） of 2.5： 1.0： 0.050, the conversion of butyraldehyde was 91% after reaction for 2 h under 80 ℃, corresponding to the selectivity and the yield of 2,2 - dimethylol - 1 - butanal of 78% and 71% ,respectively.
出处
《上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2011年第5期510-514,共5页
Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)
关键词
2
2-二羟甲基丁醛
多聚甲醛
羟醛缩合
三甲胺
2,2 - dimethylol - 1 - butanal
paraformaldehyde
aldol condensation reaction
trimethylamine
