摘要
利用国家气候中心整编的1951—2008年中国160个站的月平均气温资料，文章侧重分析了华南前汛期气温异常特征，发现：58a温度变化的总趋势是增加的，60年代中期到80年代末为相对低温期，90年代以后温度有明显升高的趋势，而且华南前汛期气温异常存在2a、4a、5a、12a和19a的周期；在近半个世纪内，我国各地区都有变暖的趋势．但是华南地区是全国4—6月气温弱增暖地区之一，华南地区4～6月普遍增暖．呈现西南强东北弱的态势，其中增暖最强的中心在广州；两个增暖最弱的中心分别在梅州和浦城。华南前汛期偏热年：华南地区低层为负距平，中、高层为正距平，这种分布形势将有利于气柱变暖，另外850hPa南海的偏南气流以及来自太平洋的东南气流加强，有利于把暖气流带到了华南地区，华南地区升温。华南前汛期偏凉年：华南地区低层为正距平，中、高层为负距平，这将造成华南前汛期温度的降低，另外850hPa来自北方的偏北气流加强，有利于把干燥寒冷的气流带到华南地区，导致华南前汛期气温偏低。
Using the monthly mean temperature data of 160 stations during 1951-2008 from National Climate Center, the characteristic of temperature anomalies was analyzed. The results show that the general trend of temperature in 58a is increasing. It is relatively cold （warm） period during 1960s to 1980s （after 1990s） .The temperature anomalies of Southern China during pre-flood season have the cycle of 2a, 4a, 5a, 12a and 19a. In the past half century, China has a warming trend in all regions. Southern China is one of weak warming region from April to June, warming trend showing weak （strong） in northeast （southwest） , with the strongest （weakest） warming center in Guangzhou （Pucheng and Meizhou） .In the warmer years of the pre-flood period in Southern China, the low-level （middle and high-level） is negative （positive） anomaly. This kind of situation is beneficial to the gas column becoming warmer. In addition, the strengthening southerly airflow in 850hPa from Southern China Sea and from Pacific brings the warm air to Southern China, which increases the temperature. While the situations of the colder years are opposed to that of the warmer years.
出处
《气象研究与应用》
2011年第3期1-4,I0001,共5页
Journal of Meteorological Research and Application
关键词
华南前汛期
气温
偏热年
偏凉年
环流异常
Pre-flood period in Southern China, Temperature, Warmer years, Colder years, Circulation anomalies
