摘要
为查明磷锌肥配施对小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的影响,本研究选用锌效率不同的4种冬小麦基因型,从P-Zn-植酸关系出发,进行了田间试验。结果表明,锌肥的施用在不同程度上降低了小麦籽粒的磷含量、磷锌比、植酸含量以及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比,降低幅度分别为0.5%、1.85%、2.7%及6.2%,提高了小麦籽粒的锌生物有效性。相对于锌肥,磷肥对小麦籽粒植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比的影响更大:①总体上提高了小麦籽粒中的植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比,降低了小麦籽粒锌生物有效性,以施用100 kg.hm-2磷肥时为例,植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比与不施磷肥相比分别提高13.4%和25.94%;②植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比随着磷肥用量的增加呈单峰曲线变化,并分别在100 kg.hm-2和150 kg.hm-2用量下达到5.02 mg.g-1和11.56的峰值,而过量施用磷肥会降低小麦籽粒中植酸的合成和累积;③[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比在适量施磷(100 kg.hm-2)条件下与少量(50 kg.hm-2)施磷相比几乎没有变化,但明显低于高量施磷(150 kg.hm-2)。总之,通过合理的磷肥调控,辅以锌肥的施用,相对降低小麦籽粒的[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比可能是提高小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的关键。
Phytic acid is not only the richest form of P, but also a main element reducing zinc bioavailability in wheat grains. A field experiment was conducted in a split-split design with 4 wheat genotypes （＂Zhongyu 6＂, ＂Xiaoyan 22＂, ＂Xizal＂ and ＂Zhengmai 9023＂） of varied zinc efficiency. The experiment investigated the interactions of P, Zn and phytic acid in wheat, and the effects of P and Zn fertilization on Zn bioavailability in wheat grains. Two rates of zinc [0 kg（Zn）·hm-2 and 7 kg（Zn）·hm-2] and five rates of P [0 kg（P2O5）·hm-2 （deficient）, 50 kg（P2O5）·hm-2 （low）, 100 kg（P2O5）·hm-2 （suitable）, 150 kg（P2O5）·hm-2 （high） and 200 kg（P2O5）·hm-2 （excess）] were designed. The results showed that Zn application obviously increased soil available Zn content. Even after wheat cultivation, soil available Zn content under Zn treatment was higher than that under no Zn treatment. Meanwhile, P concentration, P/Zn ratio, phytic acid concentration and phytic acid/Zn2＋ molecular ratio in wheat grains slightly dropped by 0.5%, 1.85%, 2.7% and 6.2%, respectively. Zinc bioavailability increased slightly because of Zn application. Also phytic acid concentration and phytic acid/Zn2＋molecular ratio dramatically increased with P treatment. For instance, increasing P treatment from 0 to 100 kg·hm-2 increased phytic acid concentration and phytic acid/Zn2＋ molecular ratio by 13.4% and 25.94% respectively, while decreasing zinc bioavailability in wheat grain. Similarly, wheat grain phytic acid concentration and phytic acid/Zn2＋ molecular ratio increased at low P treatment and decreased at high P treatment, and peaked at 100 kg-hm-2 and 150 kg·hm-2 P treatment with values of 5.02 mg.g-1 and 11.56 respectively. Excessive P treatment decreased phytic acid concentration in wheat grain. Furthermore, wheat grain phytic acid/Zn2＋ molecular ratio under suitable （100 kg·hm-2） P treatment was similar to that under low （50 kg·hm-2） P treatment, but lower than that under high （150 kg-hm-2） P treatment. Hence suitable P treatment was considered a better measure for zinc nutrition in wheat grain. It was concluded that zinc bioavailability in wheat grain could increase under suitable combinations of Zn and P treatment. P treatment was noted to be more important than Zn treatment.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期1243-1249,共7页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31071863
40971179)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-0866)资助
关键词
植酸
磷锌比
锌肥
磷肥
锌生物有效性
小麦籽粒
Phyite acid, P/Zn ratio, Zinc fertilizer, Phosphorus fertilizer, Zinc bioavailability, Wheat grain （Received Mar. 8, 2011
accepted May 31, 2011）
