摘要
文中对比了与S型花岗岩有关的石英脉型钨矿和与I型(及少数A型)花岗岩类有关的斑岩型铜矿床的成矿流体特征。它们的共同点在于成矿流体都由岩浆流体演化而来,在后期逐渐有大气降水的加入。差异性在于:(1)石英脉型钨矿成矿流体主要属于中—中高温、中—中低盐度的NaCl-H2O±CO2体系,而斑岩型铜矿属于中高-高温、高盐度的NaCl-H2O-KCl±CO2体系;(2)在流体演化过程中,流体沸腾和相分离作用在斑岩铜矿中普遍存在,且对金属元素的运移和沉淀起着重要的作用,而在石英脉型钨矿床中则较少见,引起后者沉淀的主要因素是流体混合;(3)在流体体系中,钨主要以O、Na配合物形式迁移,铜则与Cl或S形成配合物迁移,这些元素在流体中的存在与否在一定意义上与是否能成矿以及成矿的种类互相制约。
We reviewed the characteristics of ore forming fluids of quartz-vein tungsten deposits associated with S type granites and porphyry copper deposits associated with I-type（some associated with A-type） granitic rocks.The two fluid systems are similar in that both of them are derived from magmatic evolution,with involvement of meteoric water in the late stage.On the other hand,they are different in the following aspects：（1） the ore forming fluids of quartz-vein tungsten deposits belong to the H2O-NaCl±CO2 system with moderate-high temperature and moderate-low salinity,whereas those associated with porphyry copper deposits belong to the H2O-NaCl-KCl±CO2 system with high temperature and high salinity;（2） boiling and phase-separation are common in porphyry copper deposits and may have played important roles for the transport and deposition of Cu,but are uncommon in quartz-vein tungsten deposits,in which fluid mixing may have played a more important role;（3） W is more associated with O and Na in fluid systems while Cu is with Cl and S,so the formation and the type of deposits depend in part on availability of these elements in the fluids.
出处
《地学前缘》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期121-131,共11页
Earth Science Frontiers
基金
国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201011046)
国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2007CB411404)
关键词
花岗质岩石
成矿流体
石英脉型钨矿
斑岩型铜矿
granitic rocks
ore forming fluids
porphyry copper deposits
quartz-vein tungsten deposits
