摘要
于1990年8月-1992年4月，在实验室内通过特定感官消除或抑制方法与单一感官刺激方法研究鳜捕食行为中几种相关感觉的作用及其相互关系。结果表明，鳜主要依靠视觉和侧线捕食，其精物的视觉特征是不连续运动和梭形形状演侧线主要对猎物的低频振动起反应；鳜首先依靠视觉捕食，仅在视觉受到限制时才依靠侧线捕食；嗅觉在鳜捕食中作用不大，味觉在鳜吞咽食物过程中起很大作用。由于鳜主委依靠仅对运动刺激敏感的视觉和侧线捕食猎物，且需对猎物窥视一段时间后才突发攻击，因而鳜一般不摄食人工饲料。
The feding behaviour of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) collected from the Junjiang Fish Farm (Hanyang County, Hubei Province) in October; 1990 and in May, 1991 were investigated by selective elimination or inhibition of eyes, lateral lines artd nose and observing the behavioural response of the fish to visual, mecha-nical and chemical stimuli in indoor aquaria.Mandarin fish is a nocturnal piscivore, which stalks and captures its prey. The typical sequence of events is: eyeing the prey, turning and slowly moving towards it, leaping forward, snapping and finally swallowing it. Mandarin fish has typical 'split-head' colour pattern in the form of a stripe running from the snout back along the mid-dorsal line to the dorsal fin, which may will allow the fish to approach its prey undetected.When one of the three sense organs (eyes, lateral lines and nose) was elimina-ted or blocked, mandarin fish fed as much as the normal ones did. When two of the three sense organs were eliminated or blocked, mandarin fish could still feed normally but when both eyes and lateral lines were eliminated or blocked simultane-ously, mandarin fish could hardly feed, whether or not the sense of smell was wor-king. It could respond to various types of artificial preys behind a glass screen. Al-though it stalked all the moving artificial preys, it only attacked intermittently the moving prey with the shape of a shuttle or rectangle, and did not respond to still visual stimuli. Blinded mandarin fish could attack various types of artificial preys vibrating ata low frequency (below 10 Hz), but did not respond to the stiIl preys. The chemi-cal nature of artificial preys did not affect the frequency of occurrence of attacking behaviour of mandarin fish, but did affect that of the swallowing behaviour. Man-darin fish only swa1lowed fresh dead prey fish, and rejected rotten fish and fish made of plastic.It is shown that mandarin fish attacks its prey by using eyes or lateral lines,and that the taste sense is used in the process of prey-swallowing.Since chemical stimuli cannot induce mandarin fish to attack potential prey. This may be the ma-in reason why the fish reject artificial diets offered normally.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第S1期119-125,共7页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
关键词
鱼鳜
捕食行为
感觉作用
Fish Siniperca chuatsi Feeding behaviour Sense utilization
