摘要
通过向聚氨酯发泡体系中添加空心玻璃微珠,制备出空心玻璃微珠聚氨酯三相泡沫.研究了空心玻璃微珠添加量、聚磷酸铵(APP)用量、膨胀阻燃体系(IFR)浓度等因素对聚氨酯泡沫燃烧和力学性能的影响.结果表明,单独添加空心玻璃微珠对聚氨酯泡沫的氧指数和水平燃烧速度影响不大.添加APP或IFR后,空心玻璃微珠聚氨酯三相泡沫的阻燃效果显著改善,且IFR对聚氨酯三相泡沫阻燃性能的改善效果优于APP.当同时添加20%的IFR和20%的空心玻璃微珠时,氧指数值可达24.9,比聚氨酯泡沫的高36.8%;水平燃烧速度可降至302.6mm/min,比聚氨酯泡沫的低38.8%.与此同时,添加空心玻璃微珠改变聚氨酯泡沫的应力应变过程.当压力低于临界值时,应变随压力增大而缓慢增加;而当压力超过临界值后,应变随压力增大而迅速增加.
Three-phase polyurethane foam was prepared by doping hollow glass microspheres into the foam of polyurethane.The oxygen index,horizontal burning rate and strain-stress parameters of three-phase polyurethane foam were investigated.The effects of the amount of hollow glass microspheres,dosage of ammonium polyphosphate（APP） and concentration of intumescent flame retardant（IFR） on the combustion behavior and mechanical properties of the three-phase polyurethane foam were studied.Results showed that doping hollow glass microsphere led to slight variation in the oxygen index and horizontal burning rate of as-prepared polyurethane foam.The introduction of APP or IFR helped to significantly improve the flame-retarding performance of the as-prepared polyurethane foam,and IFR was superior to APP in improving the flame-retarding performance of the foam.The oxygen index of the polyurethane foam rose to 24.9（higher than that of the undoped foam by 36.8%） and its horizontal burning rate declined to 302.6 mm/min（lower than that of undoped foam by 38.8%） when hollow glass microspere and IFR were simultaneously added at a mass fraction of 20%.In the meantime,doping hollow glass microspere led to changes in the stress-strain process of as-prepared polyurethane foam.Below the critical value of pressure,the strain of the three-phase foam slowly rose with increasing pressure.Above the critical value of pressure,however,the strain rose sharply with increasing pressure.
出处
《化学研究》
CAS
2011年第6期68-72,共5页
Chemical Research
关键词
空心玻璃微珠
聚氨酯三相泡沫
燃烧性能
力学性能
hollow glass microsphere
three-phase polyurethane foam
combustion behavior
mechanical properties
