摘要
利用分子标记对来自21个国家的745份小麦品种的株高(Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b)、粒重相关基因(TaCwi-A1a和Hap-6A-A)和Lr34/Yr18/Pm38基因进行检测。结果表明:(1)在745份品种中,42.1%和28.7%的材料分别携带Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b等位变异,分布频率在不同国家差异很大。一般来说,来自同一个国家的材料主要携带矮秆基因Rht-B1b或Rht-D1b之一,只有意大利和澳大利亚这两种矮秆基因的频率均较高,而高纬度地区如加拿大和俄罗斯等对株高要求不严,矮秆基因分布频率很低;(2)78.4%的材料携带TaCwi-A1a等位变异,除日本(50.0%)、德国(45.3%)和智利(48.8%)外,其他国家材料中TaCwi-A1a分布频率均很高。29.3%的材料在TaGW2-6A位点携带Hap-6A-A等位变异,主要分布在春性和弱冬性小麦品种中,而冬性和强冬性品种中Hap-6A-G分布较为广泛;(3)22.1%的材料携带Lr34/Yr18/Pm38,美国(18.5%)、乌克兰(28.6%)、俄罗斯(26.1%)、伊朗(20.0%)、土耳其(34.8%)、匈牙利(50.0%)、保加利亚(38.9%)、罗马尼亚(87.0%)、日本(80.0%)、加拿大(34.6%)和澳大利亚(44.6%)分布频率较高;(4)TaCwi-A1的分子标记CWI21和CWI22能很好区分等位变异TaCwi-A1a和TaCwi-A1b,TaGW2-6A的CAPS标记能很好区分Hap-6A-A和Hap-6A-G,准确性高、重复性好,可作为千粒重选择的有效标记。
Using the molecular markers for dwarfing genes（Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b）and kernel weight related genes（TaCwi-A1a and Hap-6A-A） and Lr34/Yr18/Pm38,the distributions of these genes were detected among 745 cultivars from 21 major wheat-growing countries.The results indicated that：（1） The frequencies of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b in 745 cultivar were 42.1% and 28.7%,respectively,varying much in different wheat-growing countries.Generally,cultivars from the same country usually carried only one of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b,frequencies only from Italy and Australia were higher for both Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b,which in high latitude areas such as Canada and Russia were lower due to less requirement for plant height.（2） TaCwi-A1a allele was widely distributed in 21 countries with a total frequency of 78.4%,and cultivars from different countries possessed all higher frequency of TaCwi-A1a except for Japan（50.0%）,Germany（45.3%） and Chile（48.8%）.The 29.3% of cultivars carried Hap-6A-A allele at TaGW2-6A locus,mainly distributing in spring and weak winter wheat,whereas Hap-6A-G was mainly present in winter and strong winter cultivars.（3） The 22.1% of cultivars had Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 allele,with higher frequency in USA（18.5%）,Ukraine（28.6%）,Russia（26.1%）,Iran（20.0%）,Turkey（34.8%）,Hungary（50.0%）,Bulgaria（38.9%）,Romania（87.0%）,Japan（80.0%）,Canada（34.6%） and Australia（44.6%）.（4）The molecular markers CWI 21 and CWI 22 for TaCwi-A1 can well differentiate TaCwi-A1a and TaCwi-A1b alleles,while the CAPS marker of TaGW2-6A can also be used for kernel weight selection due to its ability of discriminating Hap-6A-A and Hap-6A-G with great accuracy and repeatability.The information is very crucial for use of exotic germplasm in Chinese wheat breeding program.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期824-831,共8页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
穿梭育种培育兼抗型优异小麦品种技术引进项目(2011-G3)
西部之光人才培养计划项目
国家自然基金项目(30960193)
