摘要
目的探讨西汉关中地区旱灾发生的特点及政府的应对措施。方法历史文献的整理、分析与考证。结果统计出西汉时期230年关中地区共发生31年次的旱灾,而且关中旱灾具有明显的阶段性,严重性旱灾偏多,且旱灾多发生于夏季。结论对于关中爆发的旱灾,政府主要从3个方面应对:灾前预防措施,包括水利工程的兴建、仓储制度的完善以及农业生产技术的进步与推广;灾时赈贷与灾后减灾重建措施,包括赈贷、减免租赋和迁徙灾民、厉行节约等;禳灾措施,包括祈祷祭祀、天人感应的应对措施等。这些措施各有利弊,对现在的抗灾减灾也有一定程度的启发。
Aim To discuss the countermeasures of Guanzhong drought disasters in Western Han Dynasty. Methods Analyzing historical data of drought disasters in Western Han Dynasty in Guanzhong. Results It showed that there were 31 drought disasters from 206 B. C. to 24 A.D. The characteristics of these drought disasters are：first, they showed obvious stages; second, they were very serious; third, they occurred mainly at summer. Conclusion Upon the drought happened in Guanzhong, the government took active measures. The precautions before drought disasters included building irrigation works, improving storage system, popularizing agro technique. When Drought Disasters occurred, the measures included relieving and providing benefits to the people in stricken areas, reducing or remitting tax, and practicing conservation. At the same time, disasters were also counted by prayers. Those counter measures were beneficial and harmful in different aspects, which can cast some insight to current practice.
出处
《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期1064-1068,共5页
Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究基金资助项目(09XJC770006)
关键词
西汉
关中
旱灾
政府应对
Xihan Dynasty
Guanzhong
drought disaster
countermeasures of Government
