摘要
目的:了解头孢菌素类药物致老年人不良反应(ADR)的情况,探究其发生规律,促进该类药物合理使用。方法:检索万方数据库中有关头孢菌素类药物致ADR的文献资料(1998-2010年),筛选收集其致老年人ADR的案例报告,按年龄、性别、给药途经、原患疾病、发生时间、预后等进行统计分析。结果:引起老年人ADR的头孢菌素类药物有24种,包含270例病例。以第3代头孢及其酶抑制剂复合制剂为主(70.37%);60～65岁的老年人发生较多(27.04%);多表现为变态反应(47.41%)、神经系统反应(27.04%)、血液系统反应(10.37%);发生时间尤其应注意用药后30min内(33.33%)。结论:临床应重视头孢菌素类药物致ADR,尤其是过敏性休克等严重ADR,鼓励、推广头孢菌素类药物的皮肤敏感试验工作,以确保用药安全。
OBJECTIVE： To explore the situation and rules of adverse drug reactions （ADR） of cephalosporins in the elderly patients. METHODS： Literatures on ADR of cephalosporins during 1998--2010 were retrieved from Wanfang database. ADR cases of the elderly patients were collected and analyzed statistically in respect of age, gender, route of administration, primary disease, onset time, cure, etc. RESULTS： ADR were induced by 24 kinds of cephalosporins in 270 elder patient. The 3rd generation of cephalosporins and its enzyme inhibitor compounds took up the predominant place （70.37%）. ADR of cephalosporins often oc- curred in the elderly during 60~65 years （27.04%）. The clinical symptoms were occurred mainly in the circulatory system （47.41%） ,nervous system（27.04% ）,hematological system（10.37% ）. The onset of ADR was usually within 30 rain after adminis- tration（33.33% ）. CONCLUSIONS： We should pay more attention to the ADR of cephalosporins, especially anaphylactic shock. Skin test of cephalosporins should be encouraged and popularized to guarantee the safety of drug use.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第4期344-347,共4页
China Pharmacy
关键词
头孢菌素
老年人
不良反应
文献分析
Cephalosporins
Elderly
Adverse drug reaction
Literature analysis
