摘要
通过设置样地,对湘潭锰矿区的植物资源进行了全面调查。结果表明:锰矿区植物丰富,共有28科,53种,植物以自然定居种为主,少见人工栽培种;生活史以多年生植物为主,少见1年生植物。群落结构上,以草灌丛为主,少见乔木种;当前锰矿区形成的以多年生草灌丛为主的局部群落,是原锰矿区植被在开采中被彻底破坏后,处在逐步向亚热带常绿阔叶林演替的一种初级阶段;其次,对矿区植物锰富集能力进行的分析表明,植物各组织(根、茎、叶)之间锰富集量差异明显,大部分物种地下部分锰含量大于地上部分,表现出一般植物的共性,只有少部分植物地上部分锰含量大于地下部分,表现出其特殊性;此外,植物种之间富集锰能力差异显著;莎草地上与地下部分锰含量均大于超富集植物10000mg.kg-1的临界浓度且富集系数与转移系数均大于1的超富集植物评价标准,表明其具有超强的富集锰能力。调查还发现,位于中-高锰矿区莎草生物量高达507.06g.m-2,符合超富集植物应具有较高生物量的标准。可见,莎草可作为中-高锰污染区生态修复的首先超富集植物种。
A sampling plot investigation was conducted on the plant resources in the Xiangtan manganese mine area of Hunan Province. In the study area, the plant resources were abundant, with 53 species belonging to 28 families. Most of the plant species were wild, and a few were cultivated. The majority of the plants were perennial,and the fewer were annual. Most plants were shrub and grass,and a few were tree. These results indicated that the current local communities were dominated by perennial shrub and grass, which were at the primary stage of succession towards subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest after the original plants were completely damaged by digging exploitation. The analysis on the Mn enrichment by the plant species showed that there was a significant difference in the Mn concentration between roots and stems or leaves. Most plant species had higher Mn concentration in their underground parts than in their aboveground parts, and only a few was in adverse. Moreover, different plant species had significant differences in their capability of enriching Mn. The Mn concentrations in Cyperus rotundus aboveground and underground parts were higher than 10000 mg·kg^-1（the critical concentration for hyperaccumulators）, and the biological concentration factor （BCF） and translocation factor （TF） were larger than 1 （the assessment criteria of hyperaccumulators）, indicating that C. rotundus had a super capability in enriching Mn. It was also found that the biomass of C. rotundus in medium and high Mn mine areas was 507.06 g·m^-2, which met the requirement of hyperaccumulators, i.e., hyperaccumulator should have high biomass, and suggested that C. rotundus could be the first selection of hyperaccumulator for the ecological restoration of moderately and highly Mn-polluted areas.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期16-22,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家环保部公益性行业科研专项(200909066)资助
关键词
锰
超富集植物
富集系数
转移系数
Mn
hyperaccumulators
biological concentration factor
translocation factor.
