摘要
目的探讨老年转子间骨折治疗失败后髋关节置换的方式及效果。方法2004—2009年收治老年转子间骨折治疗失败患者10例，其中男4例，女6例；年龄68～84岁，平均75．7岁。骨折初次治疗包括动力髋螺钉（DHS）固定3例，动力髁螺钉（DCS）固定1例，股骨近端重建钉固定3例，保守治疗无内固定3例。治疗失败包括股骨头坏死4例，内固定切割3例，骨折不愈合2例，畸形愈合合并骨关节炎1例。术前检查除外感染，行髋关节置换术。随访时记录Harris评分，影像学评估假体位置。结果全髋置换术6例，其中髋臼骨水泥固定3例，非骨水泥固定3例；股骨头置换4例。股骨假体使用加长柄5例，普通柄5例。手术中失血量平均764ml，手术时间平均128min。术中发现股骨距缺损3例，大转子尖骨质阻挡髓腔入点7例；安放假体复位后，转子与髋臼存在撞击3例；术后发现骨水泥从既往内固定钉孔内侧渗漏3例。随访2—7年，Harris评分由术前37分改善为85分。无血栓、感染、骨折、脱位发生，其中1例2年后因脑出血死亡。结论老年转子间骨折治疗失败后，髋关节置换术可以允许患者早期下地活动，缩短卧床时间，是一种有效的治疗方式。但是，应该注意其骨质疏松、骨质缺损、解剖结构的改变以及既往内固定物影响等特点，减少并发症的发生。
Objective To evaluate the results and complications of hip arthroplasty performed as a salvage procedure after the failed treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures in elderly patients. Meth- ods Between 2004 and 2009, 10 patients were treated with hip arthroplasty after the failed treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. There were six females and four males, at mean age of 75.7 years （ range, 68- 84 years）. The initial treatment of fractures included dynamic hip screw （DHS） fixation in three cases, dynamic condyle screw （DCS） fixation in one, proximal femur fixation with reconstruction interlocking nail in three and conservative treatment without internal fixation in three. The failed procedures included avascular necrosis in four cases, cephalic implant cutting in three, nonunion in two and malunion associ- ated with osteoarthritis in one. Joint hip replacement was performed except for pre-operative infection. Harris score at follow-up was recorded and prosthesis position was evaluated by imaging. Results Six patients were treated with total hip arthroplasty with a cemented cup （three patients） and an uncemented cup （three patients） and four with a bipolar hemiarthroplasty. A long-stem implant was used in 5 of the 10 hips. The average duration of follow-up was 4.6 years （2-7 years）. The mean duration of surgery was 128 minutes and mean blood loss was 764 ml. The mean Harris hip score increased from 37 preoperatively to 85 postoperatively. The fimctional results were satisfactory. One 84-year-old patient with the implant intact died 2 years postoperatively from a brain hemorrhage. Conclusions Hip arthroplasty is an effec- tive salvage procedure after the failed treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patient. Most pa- tients have better pain relief and functional improvements in spite of technical difficulties than primary ar- throplasty. In the meantime, attention should be paid to patients with poor bone quality, bone loss, or ar- ticular cartilage damage.
出处
《中华创伤杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期63-67,共5页
Chinese Journal of Trauma
关键词
关节成形术
置换
髋
髋骨折
治疗失败
Arthroplasty, replacement, hip
Hip fractures
Treatment failure
