摘要
介绍烃类在裂解炉中裂解的结焦机理及影响结焦的因素,综述近年来国内外烃类裂解制乙烯过程中抑制裂解炉炉管结焦的措施。以结焦机理为依据,缓解和抑制炉管结焦的措施和技术主要有乙烯原料及工艺条件优化、向乙烯原料或稀释蒸汽中添加结焦抑制剂、炉管表面预处理、新材料炉管和炉管强化传热等技术。在裂解系统中添加结焦抑制剂的方法不受高温限制,也不改变现有工艺,容易在工业装置上实施,是较为有效的方法之一;对炉管表面进行涂覆处理的技术在国外研究较多,该技术不需要专门维护,处理后炉管寿命长,随着能承受1 100℃以上温度涂层技术的推出,该技术越来越具有竞争力。
In this review article, three major coke formation mechanisms in ethylene cracking furnace are in- troduced briefly, and then the key influencing factors on coke formation are discussed. Based on the discussion,a number of methods and new technology developed in recent years worldwide to suppress coke formation in the cracking process are summarized in detail,including optimization of feedstock and process conditions, use of coke inhibitive additives, surface pretreatment of furnace tube, advances in new alloy for tubes and technologies for enhanced heat transfer. However, it seems that using coke inhibitive additives in cracking system is easy to be realized in commercial unit, and with the development of high temperature coating technologies, pretreatment of tube surface becomes promising.
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期97-103,共7页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
关键词
裂解炉
抑制
结焦
乙烯
cracking furnace
inhibition
coke formation
ethylene
