摘要
目的:对早产儿心脏超声及头颅影像学筛查结果进行分析,探讨早产儿不同类型先天性心脏病及颅内出血的发生率及部分相关因素。方法:对北京大学人民医院2008年1月～2010年10月收治的396例早产儿进行回顾性研究,分析早产儿心脏超声及头颅影像学筛查结果,及其与胎龄、性别的相关性。结果:北京大学人民医院396例早产儿中卵圆孔未闭发生率为72.0%(285/396),动脉导管未闭发生率为15.7%(62/396),房间隔缺损发生率为2.3%(9/396),室间隔缺损发生率为0.5%(2/396),瓣膜病变发生率为2.0%(8/396)。但早期早产儿和晚期早产儿及不同性别早产儿之间上述不同类型心脏结构异常发生率并无统计学差异。396例早产儿中硬膜下出血发生率为2.8%(11/396),蛛网膜下腔出血发生率为12.9%(51/396),脑实质出血发生率为6.8%(27/396),脑室内出血发生率0.3%(1/396)。头颅影像学筛查结果显示男性早产儿硬膜下出血发生率较女性早产儿高(P<0.05),而男性早产儿脑实质出血发生率则较女性早产儿低(P<0.05)。但早期早产儿和晚期早产儿之间上述不同类型颅内出血发生率并无统计学差异。结论:卵圆孔未闭、动脉导管未闭、房间隔缺损分列早产儿心脏结构异常前三位,蛛网膜下腔出血、脑实质出血、硬膜下出血分列早产儿颅内出血前三位。且部分类型颅内出血的发生率与性别相关。
Objective：To investigate the incidence of different types of congenital heart disease and intracranial hemorrhage of preterm infants.Methods：The medical data of 396 preterm infants admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to October 2010 were reviewed retrospectively.Then the screening results of echocardiography and cranial imaging,also their relationships with gestational age and gender,were analyzed.Results：In the 396 cases of prematurity,the incidence of patent foramen ovale was 72.0%（285/396）.And that of patent ductus arteriosus,atrial septal defect,ventricular septal defect and valvular abnormity was 15.7%（62/396）,2.3%（9/396）,0.5%（2/396） and 2.0%（8/396） respectively.But the differences of the incidence of heart structural abnormalities between early preterm infants and late preterm infants,also between different gender ones were insignificant.Among the 396 cases of prematurity,the incidence of subdural hemorrhage was 2.8%（11/396）.In addition,that of subarachnoid hemorrhage,intraparenchymal hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage,was 12.9%（51/396）,6.8%（27/396） and 0.3%（1/396） respectively.It was showed by cranial imaging screening that the incidence of subdural hemorrhage of male prematurity was higher than that of female ones（4.5% vs 0.6%,P0.05） significantly.At the same time,the incidence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage of male preterm infants was lower than that of female ones（4.5% vs 9.8%,P0.05） obviously.However,the incidence of different types of intracranial hemorrhage between early preterm infants and late ones was insignificant.Conclusion：Patent foramen ovale,patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect are the top three types of cardiac defect of prematurity.The most prevalent type of intracranial hemorrhage of preterm infants is subarachnoid hemorrhage,followed by cerebral hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage.In addition,the incidences of some types of intracranial hemorrhage are related with gender.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第5期692-694,共3页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
早产儿
心脏超声
头颅影像学检查
胎龄
性别
Preterm infants
Echocardiography
Cranial imaging
Gestational age
Gender
