摘要
为了探讨包装材料对常温贮藏条件下花生耐贮性的影响,该文研究了常用的3种包装材料下花生色泽、含水率、电导率、发芽率、黄曲霉感染指数、防虫效果的变化规律。结果表明:包装对花生贮藏质量指标的影响非常显著。薄膜袋包装花生的红衣种皮颜色变化速度比编织袋和麻袋包装的缓慢;薄膜袋较强的保水能力能够有效地防止花生水分散失;但在贮藏初期,密闭的薄膜袋包装环境易造成无氧呼吸,引起花生种皮细胞膜结构和种胚损伤,导致电导率急剧增大;种皮是花生抵抗黄曲霉菌侵染的重要屏障,因此,薄膜袋包装的抗黄曲霉菌侵染能力低于编织袋和麻袋包装;编织袋和麻袋包装花生的发芽率略高于薄膜袋包装;3种包装方式抑制虫害繁殖作用差异显著,高通透性的编织袋和麻袋包装的花生害虫侵蚀严重,而薄膜袋包装可以有效地抑制虫害的发生。总之,花生品质的变化是一个动态的复杂过程,在选择适宜包装材料时应结合花生生理特性、贮藏环境等因素综合考虑,这为常温花生的贮藏提供了参考。
In order to study the influence of packaging materials on storaged peanut at normal temperature,the paper investigated the effects of commonly-used 3 types of packaging materials on peanut＇s color,moisture content,conductivity,germination percentage,Aspergillus flavus infection index and insecticidal effect.The results showed that the packaging materials had notable influences on peanut＇s storage quality index.The seed coat color change rate of peanut packaged in plastic film bag was slower than that in woven bag and sack.Meanwhile,the strong water-preservation ability of plastic film bag enabled itself to effectively prevent against water evaporation of peanuts.However,at the initial stage of storage,the closed package environment of plastic film bag can cause anaerobic respiration which will damage the cell membrane structures of seed coat and embryo,and leads to sharp increase of conductivity.The seed coat is an important barrier of peanut to prevent itself from being infected by Aspergillus flavus.Therefore,the anti-infection ability of peanut packaged in plastic film bag was worse than that in woven bag and sack.The germination percentage of peanut packaged in woven bag and sack was a bit higher than that in plastic film bag.The 3 types of packagings had significant difference in restraining insect pests.The peanuts packaged in highly-permeable woven bag and sack suffer serious invasion from insect pests,while in plastics film bag it can effectively prevent infection.In a conclusion,the change of peanut quality is a dynamic and complex process,which requires to comprehensively considering the peanut＇s physiological characteristics and storage environment before choosing a proper packaging material.The research can provide a reference for peanut storaged at normal temperature.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期269-273,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
湖北省自然科学基金(项目编号:2005ABA249)
关键词
包装材料
贮藏
质量控制
花生
packaging materials
storage
quality control
peanut
