摘要
目的通过分析2001-2010年监测资料,研究广州市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特征和变化趋势。方法应用描述性流行病学方法分析人间疫情监测、宿主动物监测资料,实验室应用间接免疫荧光法检测鼠血清HV特异性IgG抗体,直接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺汉坦病毒(HV)抗原。结果 2001-2010年共报告HFRS743例,死亡4例,发病率为0.81/10万,病死率为0.54%。发病人数和发病率呈现上升趋势,发病高峰在10月至次年6月,病例集中在天河区、海珠区和白云区,职业分布以工人、家务及待业、商业服务为主,其次是民工和农民。男女比例为3.10∶1,年龄集中在20～50岁。鼠密度为9.64%,鼠血清HV特异性IgG抗体阳性率为4.94%,鼠肺HV抗原阳性率为5.56%。鼠密度和鼠种构成相对稳定,但2004-2010年鼠血清HV特异性IgG抗体阳性率和鼠肺HV抗原阳性率均处于持续上升趋势。鼠种构成主要以褐家鼠(70.01%)为主,其血清HV特异性IgG抗体阳性率(6.02%)和肺HV抗原阳性率(6.58%)在各鼠种中最高。结论广州市HFRS疫情呈现一定的上升趋势,发病风险不断增大,应加强预防控制工作;另外,广州市可能已经由家鼠型疫区演变为混合型疫区,应寻找进一步的相关证据。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Guangzhou from 2001-2010, and explore the epidemiological characteristics and trend of HFRS. Methods Descriptive epidemiology is used for the analysis of population HFRS surveillance and animal host reservoir.Indirect immunofluorscent antibody （IFA）test applied to detect the specific antibody against Hantavirus（HV）in the sera of rats and direct immunofluorscece assay adopted to determine HV antigen in the lung tissues of rats. Results Total 743 cases were reported,with 4 deaths, incidence rate of 0.81/104,and fatality rate of 0.54%. Both cases and incidence rate were on the rise, with peak time from October to June next year, and the top 3 districts were Tianhe, Haizhu, and Baiyun. Cases reported in male were 3.10 times of that of the female and the most cases seen in age 20-50 year-old people and mainly of workers, housework and unemployed people, business service, and then followed by the peasants and migrant workers. Rats density was 9.64%. 5.56% of rats carried HV antigen and 4.94% of antibody were positive in rats sera..The rat density and species stayed relative constant,but the rate of rats carried HV antigen and rate of antibody positive were on the rise. Rattus norvegicus was the main host （70.01%）, with highest rate （6.58%） of rats carried HV antigen and rate （6.02%） of antibody positive in all species. Conclusions The number of HFRS cases was increasing. The control and prevention measures should be strengthened. In addition, whether the mixed epidemic area was evolved from rodent epidemic area, further evidences should be traced.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2012年第1期15-18,33,共5页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
广州市医药卫生科技项目(201102A212006)
广州市医药卫生科技项目(201102A213154)
关键词
肾综合征出血热
监测
流行特征
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
HFRS
surveillance
epidemiological characteristics
