摘要
目的评价安徽省实施以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略控制血吸虫病的效果。方法于2006--2008年在安徽省池州市贵池区选择40个流行村作为国家级试点；于2007年在该省7个市的10个流行县（区）中各选择1个疫情较重的流行村作为省级试点，开展以机代牛、家畜圈养、改水改厕等以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略。于2008年底，在国家级试点抽取13个流行村，在省级试点抽取6个流行村，开展血吸虫病病情和螺情调查，比较策略实施前后相关指标变化情况。结果国家级试点村在综合防治策略实施后，人群血吸虫感染率降为1．76％（147／8370），与实施前[4．57％（487／10659）]相比，下降了61．49％，差异有统计学意义（x2=115．16，P〈0．01）；感染性钉螺密度和钉螺感染率分别降为0．0008只／0．1m2和0．04％，与实施前（分别为0．0067只／0．1m2、0．28％）相比，分别下降了88．06％和85．71％。省级试点村在综合防治策略实施后，人群血吸虫感染率降为0．21％（14／6592），与综合防治策略实施前[1．27％（54／4254）]相比，下降了83．46％，差异有统计学意义（x2=94．57，P〈0．01）；感染性钉螺密度和钉螺感染率分别降为0．0003只／0．1m2和0．05％，与实施前（分别为0．0025只／0．1m2、0．13％）相比，下降了88．00％和61．54％。结论在湖沼型地区实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略能有效控制血吸虫病疫情。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive control strategy of schistosomiasis with emphasis on infection source control in Anhui province. Methods Forty endemic villages in Guichi district, Chizhou city, Anhui province were selected as national pilot villages in the years from 2006 to 2008, and another 10 provincial pilot villages were respectively seleeted from 10 highly endemic villages in 7 cities in 2007. The comprehensive infection source control measures, including ＂replace cattle with machines＂, ＂raise livestock in pens＂,＂improve the sanitary toilets＂,＂ supply safe water ＂ and so on were carried out among the above pilot villages. At the end of 2008,13 national pilot villages and 6 provincial pilot villages were selected to investigate the popularity of schistosomiasis, and the effect of the comprehensive control strategy in those villages were compared. Results After implementing the comprehensive control strategy, the infectious rate of schistosomiasis in national pilot villages decreased from 4. 57% （487/10 659 ） to 1.76% （147/8370）, with the reduction rate at 61.49%, whose difference showed statistical significance （X2= 115.16, P〈 0.01）; and the density of infected snails decreased from 0.0067/0.1 m2 to 0. 0008/0. 1 m2 ,the infectious rate of snails decreased from 0. 28% to 0. 04% ,whose reduction rates were 88.06% and 85.71% respectively. While as to the provincial pilot villages, the infectious rate of schistosomiasis decreased from 1.27% （54/4254） to 0. 21% （14/6592）, with the reduction rate at 83.46% , whose difference showed statistical significance （ X2 = 94. 57, P 〈 0.01 ） ; and the density of infected snails decreased from 0. 0025/0. 1 m2 to 0. 0003/0. 1 m2, the infection rate of snails decreased from 0. 13% to 0. 05% , whose reduction rates were 88.00% and 61.54% respectively. Conclusion The comprehensive control strategy with emphasis on infection source control implemented in marshland and lake regions can effectively control the transmission of schistosomiasis.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期114-118,共5页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
基金项目：安徽省科技计划项目（08020303077）
关键词
血吸虫病
传染媒介
综合预防
评价研究
Schistosomiasis
Infectious vectors
Comprehensive precautions
Evaluation studies
