摘要
语言交际以认知为基础 ,因为语言使用牵涉到存放在我们大脑里的各种心理表征和知识结构。记忆是认知的底层结构 ,是心理和生物的界面。记忆的生物特征是共性 ,但作为个人心理行为 ,却是有个性的 ,人们在交际中会建立各自的语境或心理模型。语言使用牵涉到感觉记录器 (感知和注意 )、工作记忆 (记忆负担、意义保存、前景和焦点 )、长时记忆 (语言知识和非语言知识、共享知识 )几种记忆 。
Linguistic communication is cognition based,because use of language involves all sorts of psychological representations and knowledge structures stored in our brain.Being the underlying structure of cognition,memory is a psychobiological interface:universal in its biological perspective,but individualistic in its psychological perspective.Every individual tries to set up his or her own situational or mental model in communication.Use of language involves sensory register(perception and attention),working memory (memory load,meaning storage,foreground and focus),and longterm memory (linguistic and non linguistic knowledge,shared knowledge).Some pragmatic failures are actually memory failures.
出处
《语言文字应用》
CSSCI
北大核心
2000年第1期63-71,共9页
Applied Linguistics
