摘要
胎盘对于妊娠期胎儿生长发育至关重要,胎盘功能障碍将导致胎儿生长受限,甚至引起胎儿死亡。滋养层细胞高效侵润、融合及母胎界面的血管构建有助于建立母-胎间物质交换。滋养层细胞增殖异常、滋养层细胞侵润子宫壁不完全、单核滋养层细胞融合为多核滋养层细胞功能紊乱等,将会影响胎盘发育和营养物质运输。胎盘分子标志物的早期诊断作为胎盘功能评价有助于改善妊娠结局,临床上主要以血管生成因子、胎盘激素、与胎盘功能有关的基因等作为检测指标。本文就滋养层细胞功能、胎盘分泌特异性激素、胎盘功能早期诊断标志物等最新研究进展做一综述。
The fetus survival and growth are critically dependent on the placenta during gestation. The dysfunction of placenta will result in fetal growth restriction or, if more severe, fetal death. Invasion and fusion of trophoblast cells and vascular modification during placental development contribute to effi- cient substance exchange between maternal and fetal circulatory systems. Aberrant trophoblast prolifera- tion and differentiation, incomplete trophoblast invasion to uterine wall, and abnormal fusion of mononu- cleated cytotrophoblasts with the overlying syncytiotrophoblast will affect the placenta development and transportation of nutrients. Earlier diagnosis of placental pathological changes by using biomarkers could facilitate the improvement of pregnancy outcomes. Angiogenic factors, placental hormones, and placental key functional genes are clinically used as biomarkers for diagnosis. This review focused on the up-to-date progress in placental morphology, function, hormonal secretion and biomarkers for earlier diagnosis of placental pathological changes.
出处
《生殖医学杂志》
CAS
2012年第1期73-77,共5页
Journal of Reproductive Medicine
关键词
胎盘发育
滋养层细胞
胎盘功能障碍
分子标志物
先兆子痫
Placental development
Cytotrophoblast cells
Placental dysfunction
Biomarkers
Preeclampsia
