摘要
目的评估社区老年糖尿病患者对低血糖危险因素的认知现状,为社区健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法,对南通市12个社区201名老年糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。共发放201份问卷,回收有效问卷176份,计算问卷各条目的同意率和总分值,比较不同特征研究对象对低血糖危险因素的认知差别。结果 176例患者对低血糖危险因素的同意率平均值是37.2%,同意率排名前3位的条目是口服降糖药剂量过大(56.8%)、主食摄入过少(55.6%)和进餐不及时(52.3%),排名后3位的是肾脏疾病(21.6%)、服用阿司匹林(15.9%)和肝脏疾病(14.8%)。认知总分平均为(44.1±7.2)分。不同性别、文化程度、医疗付费方式及是否有家族史的患者,其对低血糖危险因素的认知平均分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析显示,影响社区老年糖尿病患者对低血糖危险因素认知总分的主要因素是文化程度、性别和家族史。176例患者中,66例(37.5%)有过低血糖经历,47例(26.7%)在外出时随身携带食物,31例(17.6%)随身携带急救卡。结论社区糖尿病患者低血糖风险意识不高,对低血糖危险因素的认知有待提高,预防低血糖的措施不到位。故在社区糖尿病健康教育中应注重加强预防低血糖知识宣教,尤其是对文化程度低、没有家族史的男性老年患者,以降低低血糖的发生率。
Objective To evaluate the cognitive status about risk factors of hypoglycemia among community older adults with diabetes so as to provide theory basis for community health education.Methods By adopting the convenience sampling method,self-designed questionnaire survey was carried out in 201 older adults with diabetes from 12 communities of Nantong.201 questionnaires were issued and 176 valid questionnaires copies were received.Consent rate about every item and the total score of the questionnaire were calculated.Cognitive differences about the risk factors of hypoglycemia in all the respondents with different characteristics were then compared.Results The average consent rate about the risk factors of hypoglycemia in 176 patients was 37.2%,the top three consent rate for corresponding items were too big dose of oral medicine（56.8%）,less intake of staple food（55.6%）and untimely eating（52.3%）.The last three were renal disease（21.6%）,taking aspirin tablets（15.9%） and hepatic disease（14.8%）respectively.The total score of cognition on average was（44.1±7.2）.The differences of average score of cognition about the risk factors of hypoglycemia in patients with different gender,education,medical payment and whether there was a family history was statistically significant（P0.05）.Stepwise regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the total score of cognition on the risk factors of hypoglycemia in community older adults with diabetes were degree of education,gender and family history.Among the 176 patients,66（37.5%） of them once had hypoglycemia,47（26.7%） of them carried food when went out and 31（17.6%） of them carried first aid cards.Conclusion The risk consciousness of hypoglycemia is not high among community older adults with diabetes.The cognition about the risk factors of hypoglycemia should be improved among these people and the measures should be put in place to prevent hypoglycemia.Community health education on diabetes should focus on strengthening the prevention knowledge of hypoglycemia,especially to those who have low degree of education and male elderly patients with no family history in order to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期686-689,共4页
Chinese General Practice
基金
南通市社会发展(指导性)科技计划项目(S10934)
南通市重大科技创新专项(XA2009001-5)
关键词
糖尿病
老年人
低血糖
危险因素
健康教育
Diabetes mellitus
Aged
Hypoglycemia
Risk factors
Health education
