摘要
目的为改善北京和上海3～5岁儿童的不健康饮食行为及其父母的营养相关知识和态度,采用多途径健康教育进行干预,并对干预效果进行评估。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法,从北京、上海各选取810名3～5岁儿童及其家长作为研究对象,根据《中国居民膳食指南》(2007)和《中国孕期、哺乳期妇女以及0-6岁儿童膳食指南》(2007)开展为期6个月的健康教育干预,采用问卷调查的方法分别在干预前后收集儿童饮食行为及其父母营养相关知识、态度等信息。结果干预后,北京和上海3～5岁儿童偏食、喝含糖饮料的人数比例分别从干预前的44.5%和70.4%降低到35.5%和31.7%,有固定进餐时间、地点、可独立进餐、吃饭定时定量、能专心吃饭的儿童比例分别由干预前的80.0%、87.3%、73.4%、32.1%和27.1%升高到91.7%、91.9%、83.7%、45.9%和41.2%;干预后,儿童父母营养知识的知晓率显著提高,对待儿童饮食行为的态度也有所改善。结论通过健康教育干预,改善了儿童的不健康饮食行为,丰富了儿童家长的营养知识,改善了其对儿童的饮食行为态度,为其正确指导儿童健康饮食提供了理论基础。
Objective To improve the unhealthy eating behaviors in 3-5 years old children and enrich the nutrition knowledge of their parents by the multi-channel health education intervention,and evaluate the effects of intervention.Methods By random multi-stage cluster sampling,810 children（3-5 years old） and their parents were selected from Beijing and Shanghai respectively.The period of intervention was 6 months.Questionnaire surveys about children＇s eating behavior and the knowledge of their parents were conducted before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,the proportion of partial eclipse and drinking beverage declined from 44.5% and 70.4% to 35.5% and 31.7% respectively.The proportion of having regular meal time,fixed dining place,eating by oneself,fix quantify diet and concentrating on food elevate from 80.0%,87.3%,73.4%,32.1% and 27.1% to 92.1%,90.2%,83.7%,44.3% and 40.1%.The awareness about nutrition in parents increased and the attitude to the children＇s eating behaviors improved after the intervention.Conclusion The intervention has some effects on the improvement of the children＇s unhealthy eating behaviors and their parents＇ nutrition knowledge and attitude.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期220-224,共5页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
中国肯德基餐饮健康基金(No.2009-4)
关键词
儿童
饮食行为
健康教育
干预
3-5 years old children
eating behaviors
health education
intervention
