摘要
[Objective] This study aimed to provide reliable theoretical basis for re- source utilization of sludge. [Method] By using pot experiment, variations of the yield index and salt content of rape and the accumulation of three kinds of heavy metals in rape plants and soil including Hg, As and Zn were explored. [Result] The results showed that medium sludge level （50 g/pot） significantly increased the rape yield and root/shoot ratio; when the application amount of sludge reached 100 g/pot, the fertil- ization effect of sludge on potted rape yield was significantly reduced. Compared with chemical fertilizer and chicken manure, sludge promoted N and P absorption of rape more significantly, but the effect of sludge application on K absorption was less significant than chicken manure. Sludge can increase the soil salinity, which is higher than the chemical fertilizer and chicken manure, but the effect was not significant. Compared with chemical fertilizer and chicken manure treatments, the Hg, As and Zn contents in rape plants and soil after sludge application increased, to be specific, Hg content increased relatively significantly. Hg, As and Zn contents in rape plants and soil were all in accordance with China National Safety Standards for Heavy Met- als in Vegetables and China National Environmental Quality Standards for Soils. [Conclusion] Short-term sludge application will not lead to secondary heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils, but the Hg content should be monitored and controlled in long-term sludge application.
[目的]该研究旨在为污泥资源化利用提供可靠的理论依据。[方法]采用盆栽试验,对污泥施用后的油菜产量指标、盐分及植株和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn3种重金属累积变化规律进行了研究。[结果]结果表明,污泥用量为中用量(50g/盆)时可明显提高盆栽油菜的产量和根/冠比,当污泥用量增至大用量(100g/盆)时,污泥对盆栽油菜产量的提高效果显著降低。污泥比化肥和鸡粪更能促进油菜对N和P的吸收,但对K的吸收却不及鸡粪效果显著。污泥可增加土壤的盐分含量,且高于化肥和鸡粪,但效果不显著。污泥施用后的油菜和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn3种重金属含量与施用化肥和鸡粪相比都有所增加,其中Hg增加较明显。油菜和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn含量均符合国家相关蔬菜安全标准和土壤质量安全标准。[结论]短期内施用污泥不会造成农田土壤的二次重金属污染,但长期施用则需对Hg的含量进行监测和控制。
基金
Supported by Scientific and Technological Support Project for Quality and Safety Testing and Monitoring of Bulk Agricultural Products Produced in Beijing(Z090905-01040901)
Cooperation Project of Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd."Study on Agronomic and Environmental Effects of Long-term Application of Sludge"~~
