摘要
目的了解我国居民烟草危害知识以及对控烟相关问题态度的现状。方法利用2007年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测样本人群,采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取15～69岁成年人15 883人,进行问卷调查,了解我国居民对吸烟危害健康知识的正确回答率以及对控烟相关问题的正向认知率,并采用χ2检验比较吸烟者与非吸烟者之间的差异。结果知道吸烟和被动吸烟会引起肺癌的人分别占72.7%和63.2%;仅有不到1/3的人知道吸烟会引起脑卒中(29.6%)、流产(25.4%)、低出生体重儿(25.1%)和白内障(14.5%),且吸烟者对这些健康危害的认知度均低于非吸烟者(P<0.01)。仅有9.2%的人对"标明低焦油含量香烟的危害比一般香烟小"这一概念表示反对;53.4%的人赞同这一概念。与非吸烟者相比,吸烟者对公共场所禁烟及政府加大控烟力度的支持度更低(P<0.01)。结论我国对烟草所致健康危害的宣传力度还应加强,过半数居民赞同"低焦油、低危害"这一错误概念,值得控烟工作者警惕并采取应对措施。
Objective To know the knowledge on adverse health effects of tobacco and the attitudes towards tobacco control in China.Methods The proportional probability sampling（PPS） method was used to select 15 883 samples aged 15 to 69 years randomly to respond the standardized questionnaires about the knowledge on hazards of tobacco and attitudes towards tobacco control in Chinese Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance（2007）.Proportions of respondents who answered correctly and who kept positive attitude were described.Differences of knowledge and attitudes between smokers and nonsmokers were evaluated by Chi-square test.Results Overall,72.7% of respondents knew smoking would cause lung cancer and 63.2% knew passive smoking would cause lung cancer.Proportions of respondents who knew smoking would cause stroke,cataract,abortion and low birth weight infant were 29.6%,25.4%,25.1% and 14.5%,respectively.Compared with nonsmokers,fewer smokers knew those adverse effects（P0.01）.Only 9.2% of respondents were opposed to the statement ＂The hazard of tobacco marked with ＇low tar＇ is less than that without the label＂ and 53.4% of respondents approved this statement.Compared with nonsmokers,fewer smokers supported smoke-free public place and approved that government should enforce tobacco control（P0.01）.Conclusion Efforts should be strengthened to help more people be convinced of hazard of tobacco.More than half of respondents approved the statement ＂Low tar,less harm＂,which should be alerted and responded by tobacco control agencies.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2012年第2期101-103,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
关键词
监测
问卷调查
控烟
烟草危害
Surveillance
Questionnaire survey
Tobacco control
Tobacco harm
