摘要
针对新疆鄯善县地下水超采导致地下水水位持续下降,引起自然生态破坏和鄯善县南盆地灌区周边的咸水向灌区倒灌的现象,通过探求将要引发鄯善县山南超采区环境突变的警戒地下水位,研究了地下水开发利用"红线"水位的制定方法。根据自然植被和地下水埋深的关系,通过确定植被生态需水位的方法,确定出鄯善自然生态区下降型关键控制水位(埋深)"红线"标准的阈值为6m。利用水均衡法和Modflow数值模拟的方法,对鄯善县未来水位变化情况进行了模拟预测,预计到2017年3月,南盆地最低地下水位为-135.07m,这一水位可以定为防止咸水倒灌的地下水开采"红线"水位。考虑到鄯善县经济发展对地下水需水量的客观需求,在不发生极端干旱的年份,未来5～10a,在现状年(2010年)开采量34 093万m3/a的基础上将逐年减小开采总量,最终在"红线"水位出现之前,将鄯善县地下水开采总量控制在22 000万m3/a这一控制性开采总量的"红线"以下。
Due to over mining groundwater in Shanshan county,its level goes down continuously. It cau- ses ecological damage and salt water flow backward into the irrigated area of the south basin of Shanshan county. Which will initial the mutant alert water level in the over mining area of the south of Shanshan county through researching, this article studies the formulated method of ＂red line＂ water level used for the groundwater exploitation. According to the relations between the natural vegetation and groundwater depth, the article uses the determination method of ecological water level needed for vegetation ecology, the standard threshold of the ＂red line＂ for the natural ecological descent type key control water level （burial depth） in Shanshan county is 6 m. Using the water balance method and the method of Modflow numerical simulation, simulation forecast of future water level changes in Shanshan county were performed on March 2017,the lowest water level in the south basin will be 135.07 m,which was the ＂red line＂water level of groundwater exploilation to prevent salt water to flow backward. Considering the demand of groundwater in the development of local economy, excepting extreme drought age, the next five to ten years mining total yield of the groundwater in Shanshan county will be reduced year after year on the basis of 34 093 × 104 m3/a in the current situation （2010）. Finally,before the ＂red line＂ water level appearing, the total groundwater exploitation amount in Shanshan county will be controlled below the ＂red line＂ of con- trolling mining quantity for 22 000× 104m3/a.
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
2012年第2期152-156,共5页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
水利部2010年中央引导推行项目
