摘要
该文概述了全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)在环境介质(水体、大气、土壤及沉积物)和生物体内的污染水平,并筛选出PFOS对水生生物(浮游植物、无脊椎动物、鱼类)和陆生植物、鸟类等毒性数据,发现以生长率为毒性终点时,浮游植物物种敏感度排序为羊角月芽藻>小球藻>鱼腥藻>舟形藻;大型水生植物以42 d植株长度、根数量及长度、节点数和生物质重量等为毒性终点时,小虎尾藻明显比穗状虎尾藻敏感;水生无脊椎动物以48 h活动抑制率为终点时,大型溞比蚤草溞敏感,暴露于PFOS的海洋无脊椎动物比淡水中无脊椎动物敏感;鱼类以96 h致死率为毒性终点时,黑头鲦鱼最敏感;陆生植物以21 d发芽存活率为毒性终点时,物种敏感度顺序为洋葱>西红柿>亚麻>黑麦草>生菜>苜蓿>大豆;鸟类的急性毒性以死亡率和体重等为毒性终点时,北鹌鹑比绿头鸭敏感。
In this article, it is briefly summarized that the pollution level of perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） and perfluorooctanoic aeid（PFOA） in environment media（water, atmospheric, soil and the deposition） and organisms, the screened toxicity data of aquatic and terrestrial species （phytoplankton, aquatic macrophytes, invertebrates, fish, plants）. When growth rate were evaluated as the test endpoint, from the most sensitive species to the least one, the sensitivity of phytoplankton ranked as S. capricornutum〉Chlorella vulgaris〉A nabaenaflos-aquoe〉Navicula pelliculosa. Based on plant length, root number and length, node number, and biomass as the test endpoint, M. sibiricum was determined to be more sensitive than M. spicatum. When survival was evaluated as the fish test endpoint, Fotheod minnow was the most sensitive fish species. Based on survival data, the order of sensitivity, from the most sensitive species to the least one, among the plants was onion〉tomato〉flax〉 ryegrass〉lettuce〉alfalfa〉soybean. Based on mortality and weight as the avian acute test endpoint, Northern bobwhite quail was more sensitive than Mallard.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期561-567,共7页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009026-04)
关键词
全氟辛烷磺酸
全氟辛酸
环境污染
生态毒性
风险评估
Perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS）
Perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）
Environment pollution
Ecotoxicity
Risk assessment
