摘要
目的探索早期干预对儿童发育和行为的长期影响。方法抽取1999年10月至2000年3月在浦东新区妇幼保健院建卡的正常孕妇140名,按奇偶数随机分为早期干预组和对照组各70名,两组儿童均接受系统保健。早期干预组自胎儿5个月至婴儿1岁期间在医生指导下实施早教训练,1～3岁期间提供家长训练手册由家长在家中训练,对照组不接受早期训练指导。在两组儿童1岁及3岁时进行体格测量和Gesell发育水平评估,在两组儿童7岁时进行体格测量、WISC-R测试,以及行为问题评估,分别对两组数据进行比较。结果 1岁、3岁和7岁时,两组儿童的体格指标差异均无统计学意义;1岁时早期干预组小儿在细动作、应物能、言语能及应人能等4个能区的发育商均高于对照组。3岁时早期干预组小儿在言语能及应人能等2个能区的发育商高于对照组。7岁时两组儿童的语言智商、操作智商、总智商的差异均无统计学意义;Conners儿童行为问卷(父母问卷),两组男童的学习问题因子得分差异有统计学意义,早期干预组好于对照组;Achenbach儿童行为量表,两组男童的违纪因子得分差异有统计学意义,早期干预组好于对照组。结论早期干预可能对儿童的心理行为产生长期积极影响,对婴幼儿的智能发育有积极的作用,但对儿童智能发育是否有长期影响、影响有多大,仍值得进一步探讨。
Objective To explore the long term effect of early intervention on children＇s developmental-behavior. Methods One hundred and forty pregnant women were divided into intervention group and control group randomly, and their children all accepted system health care. Children who were in intervention group received ＂The infant physical and mental exercise＂ from the 5 months＇embryo to 1 year old, and their parents carried on the training by parental manual from 1 year old to 3 years old. Regularly we evaluated physical and mental development indicators of two groups. All children were evaluated by Gesell developmental scales at 1 years old and 3 years old, and were evaluated by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, Behavior problem evaluation by Coners（PSQ,TRS） and CBCL at 7 years old. Results In 1, 3 or 7 years old children, there were no difference on items of physical development among the two groups. At the age of 1 year, intervention group had higher development than control groups in fine movement, answer to things, words ability and answer to people. At the age of 3 year, intervention group had higher development than control groups in words ability and answer to people. At the age of 7 year, there were no statistical different between two groups in language intelligence quotient, operate intelligence quotient and overall intelligence quotient; intervention group boys had lower scores than control group in learning problem and break rule behavior. Conclusions Early intervention may play a positive role in mental health of children and promote the capacity development in infant, but the long term effect on intelligence of children need to discuss further.
出处
《中国妇幼卫生杂志》
2012年第3期158-161,共4页
Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health
基金
上海市浦东新区社会发展局资助项目(编号:PW2008A-20)
关键词
早期干预
儿童
发育行为
Early intervention
Children
Development-behavior
