7Lewis SM, Collier IC, Keitkemper MM. Medical - surgical nursing: An assessment and management of client problems[J]. 4th ed. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1993. 527.
8Hicks TJ. Ethical implications of pain management in a nursing home:A discussion[J]. Nursing Ethics,2000,7 (5) : 392 - 398.
9Victoria G. Pain care[J ]. Nurse Care North American, 1994,29 ( 3 ) :534 - 544.
2World Union of Wound Healing Societies. Principles of Best Practice:Minimizing Pain at Wound Dressing-Re~aled Proce- dures[ J] .Consensus Document,2008,12(12) :10.
3Woo K Y,Sibbald R G.The improvement of wound associated pain and healing trajectory with a comprehensive foot and leg ulcer care model [ J ]. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs, 2009,36(2) : 184-191.
4Lloyd Jones M, Greenwood M, Bielby A. Living with Wound Associated Pain:Impact on the Patient and What Clinicians Really Think[ J] .J Wound Care ,2010,19(8) :340-345.
5黄宇光译.疼痛治疗决策[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2009:238-239.
6Margaret P. Ekstein,Avi A. Weinbroum.??Immediate Postoperative Pain in Orthopedic Patients Is More Intense and Requires More Analgesia than in Post–Laparotomy Patients(J)Pain Medicine . 2011 (2)
