摘要
目的了解本单位南院医院感染的细菌分布特点及耐药情况。方法回顾性调查2009年到2011年南院医院感染病例,分析感染者的病区分布、病原菌特点及耐药性的变迁。结果 3年内医院感染率达2.01%,以呼吸科、神经内科和心内科为最高;引起感染的细菌中革兰阴性杆菌(非发酵菌科类、肠杆菌科类)和革兰阳性球菌类比例分别为67.8%(41.5%和26.3%)和32.3%,这3类细菌检出率最高的病原菌分别是铜绿假单胞菌(24.4%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(14.1%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(10.3%);肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌均对亚胺培南和阿米卡星高度敏感,耐药率<20%。金黄色葡萄球菌除对万古霉素未产生耐药外,对其他抗菌药物耐药性都很高。结论医院感染发生率先上升再下降,细菌耐药普遍较多,应减少侵入性操作,重视病原学检查及药敏监测,合理应用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection. Methods Based on retrospective investigation method,the data of nosocomial infection patients during the period form 2009 to 2011 were analyzed,including bacteria distribution and drug resistance. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection during from 2009 to 2011 was 2.01%. Among the various departments of the hospital,the infection rate in respiratory department ranked the highest, followed by department of internal neurology and department of cardiovascular medicine. In all isolated strains, Gram negative bacteria （nonfermentative bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae） accounted for 67.80/00 （41.5% and 26.3%） ,Gram-positive cocci for 32.3% ,and most common strains in three kinds of bacterial were Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 24.4%）, Staphylococcus aureus （ 14.1%） and Klebsiella pneumoniae （ 10.3%） , respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to imipenem and amikacin, and the resistance rates〈 20%. However,the resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to all drug were high except vancomycin. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infection increased at first, and then decreased. Decreasing invasive process and using antibacterial drug rationally are effective to reduce nosocomial infections.
出处
《中国实验诊断学》
2012年第6期1053-1056,共4页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis
关键词
医院感染
细菌
耐药性
Nosoeomial infection
Bacterial Drug resistance
