摘要
[目的]研究施氮量对油菜(Brassica napus L.)氮素吸收与利用的影响,为稻茬直播油菜精确定量施用氮肥提供理论和实践依据。[方法]以甘蓝型双低油菜品种扬油6号为材料,测定不同施氮处理(0、45、90、135、180、225、270、315和360 kg/hm2)初花期和成熟期各器官干重和氮素含量。[结果]油菜氮素吸收量和氮素利用率随施氮量的增加均呈先增加后减少的趋势,满足二次曲线关系。当施氮量低于110 kg/hm2时,随着施氮量的增加油菜对氮素的吸收量和利用率都呈增加的趋势;当施氮量在110～315 kg/hm2时,随着施氮量的增加氮吸收量仍呈增加的趋势,但氮素利用率已呈下降的趋势;当氮施用量超过315 kg/hm2时,随施氮量的增加二者均呈下降趋势。籽粒产量与施氮量之间呈二次曲线关系,获得最高产量的施氮量为278 kg/hm2。施氮量为278 kg/hm2时的氮素吸收量和利用率分别为209.90 kg/hm2和20.01 g(籽粒)/g(N),与最大氮素吸收量211.78 kg/hm2和最高氮素利用率20.88 g(籽粒)/g(N)相比,获得最高产量时的氮素吸收量和氮素利用率分别下降0.89%和4.17%。[结论]油菜达到最大氮素吸收量和最大氮素利用率的施氮量分别为315和110 kg/hm2。施氮量为278 kg/hm2能较好地协调油菜对氮素吸收和利用的关系并取得最高的籽粒产量。
[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of nitrogen application amount on nitrogen absorption and utilization of rapeseed,and provide a theoretical and practical basis for the precise and quantitative nitrogen fertilization of direct sowing rapeseed in paddy rice field.[Method] The dry weight and nitrogen content of double low rapeseed variety Yangyou No.6 were measured at beginning flower and maturity stage under different nitrogen application treatments（0,45,90,135,180,225,270,315 and 360 kg/hm2）.[Result] With nitrogen application amount increasing,nitrogen absorption amount and utilization rate showed a trend of firstly increasing and then decreasing respectively,fitting a quadratic curve relation.When nitrogen application amount was less than 110 kg/hm2,nitrogen absorption amount and utilization rate both showed the increasing trend with increasing nitrogen application amount;When nitrogen application amount was 110-315 kg/hm2,with nitrogen application amount increasing,nitrogen absorption amount still showed a increasing trend,while nitrogen utilization rate showed a decreasing trend;When nitrogen application amount was more than 315 kg/hm2,they both showed a decreasing trend with nitrogen application amount.There was a quadratic curve relation between seed yield and nitrogen application amount,and nitrogen application amount obtaining the highest yield was 278 kg/hm2.When nitrogen application amount was 278 kg/hm2,nitrogen absorption amount and utilization rate were 209.90 kg/hm2 and 20.01 g（seed）/g（N）,and comparing with the biggest nitrogen absorption amount 211.78 kg/hm2 and 20.88 g（seed）/g（N）,those obtaining the highest yield were decreased by 0.89% and 4.17% respectively.[Conclusion] Rapeseed＇s nitrogen application amount obtaining the highest nitrogen absorption amount and utilization rate is 315 and 110 kg/hm2 respectively.That rapeseed＇s nitrogen application amount of 278 kg/hm2 can coordinate the relationship between nitrogen absorption and utilization and achieve the highest seed yield.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2012年第20期10390-10392,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD01B01)
江苏省农机三项工程项目(NJ2009-42)
江苏省农业三项工程项目[sx(2011)106]
江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室开放课题
关键词
油菜
施氮量
氮素吸收量
氮素利用率
Rapeseed（Brassica napus L.）
Nitrogen application amount
Nitrogen absorption amount
Nitrogen utilization rate
