摘要
目的了解临床医师血源性感染职业暴露风险的现状,进一步明确职业防护的重点,完善职业防护措施。方法采用自行设计问卷,调查160名临床医师在2009年7月-2011年6月血源性病原体职业暴露情况。结果51名医师发生63人次血源性病原体职业暴露,其中,血液/体液喷溅12人,锐器伤51人;血液为最常见的暴露物;普外科与胸外科医师发生锐器伤的比率最高,其次为肿瘤内科医师;锐器伤的种类主要是缝合针占21.6%、注射器针头占19.6%、手术刀剪占17.7%;主要在医护间配合传递器械占31.4%、注射或穿刺占21.6%、处理使用后锐器占19.6%等环节容易发生锐器伤;暴露源主要为乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性患者,占46.0%,其次为梅毒抗体阳性患者,占14.3%,暴露后均进行了相关干预,经追踪随访,未发现有血源性传播性疾病感染者。结论医师是血源性病原体职业暴露的高危人群,管理者应帮助消除风险,并进行操作规程控制,最大限度地减少职业暴露及暴露后感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risks of occupational exposure of clinicians to blood-borne infections,further clarify the key issues of occupational protection and improve occupational protection measures.METHODS Through self-designed questionnaires,the occupational exposure of 160 clinicians to blood-borne pathogens from Jul.2009 to Jun.2011 was investigated.RESULTS Totally 63 case-times of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens occurred in 51 clinicians,among which 12 cases were caused by blood or body fluid splash and 51 cases by sharp instrument injuries.Blood exposure was the most common risk.Incidence of sharp instrument injuries was the highest in the clinicians of departments of general surgery and thoracic surgery,followed by department of tumor medicine.The main categories of sharp instrument injuries were induced by suture needles（21.6%）,syringe needles（19.6%）,and scalpels（17.7%）;the delivery of equipment between doctors and nurses（31.4%）,injection or puncture（21.6%）,and disposal after use（19.6%）.The main source of exposure was hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）-positive patients（46.0%）,followed by syphilis antibody positive patients（14.3%）.The related interventions after exposure were carried out by the track follow-up,and no patients infected by blood-borne diseases were found.CONCLUSION The clinicians are at high risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens.Hospital administrators should help eliminate the risks and control the operation procedures,so as to minimize the occupational exposure and the incidences of infection after exposure.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第13期2885-2887,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
南通市科学技术局指导性计划课题(S10939)
关键词
血源性病原体
锐器伤
职业暴露
医师
防范
Blood-borne pathogens
Sharps instrument injuries
Occupational exposure
Doctor
Prevention
