摘要
目的掌握三峡重庆库区鼠形动物及其体表寄生蚤种类及密度状况,为预防控制鼠、蚤传播的疾病提供依据。方法采用夹夜法开展鼠形动物密度监测和种类调查;采用鼠笼法捕活鼠麻醉后梳检体表寄生蚤查染蚤情况。结果 2009-2010年三峡库区重庆段平均鼠密度为1.58%,其中室内鼠密度为1.56%,室外为1.60%;捕获鼠形动物2315只,隶属于2目2科11种,四川短尾鼩、小家鼠和褐家鼠为优势种类,分别占捕获总数的38.75%、25.14%和19.27%。鼠体平均染蚤率为6.74%;总蚤指数为0.29;共检获鼠蚤5种,分别为缓慢细蚤(占79.16%)、印鼠客蚤(占1.08%)、不等单蚤(占2.54%)、偏远古蚤(占8.90%)和猫栉首蚤(占8.32%)。结论三峡重庆库区存在鼠疫、钩端螺旋体病和肾综合征出血热的重要储存宿主鼠种及鼠疫重要传播媒介印鼠客蚤;鼠形动物结构较为丰富,但鼠密度、鼠体染蚤率和染蚤指数较低。
Objective To investigate the species composition and density of the murine-like animals and their parasitical fleas in Chongqing Reservoir Area of the Three Gorges and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling the diseases transmitted by the murine-like animals and fleas. Methods The night trap method was used to investigate the species composition and density of the murine-like animals. Live murine-like animals were captured by cage-trap and anaesthetized for collecting the parasitic fleas to investigate the flea species and the infection rate and index. Results The average density of the murine-like animals was 1.58% with a density of 1.56% in the rooms from 2009 to 2010, which was a little lower than that in outdoors （1.60%）. A total of 11 species, 2315 murine-like animals belonging to 2 orders and 2 families were captured, of which Anourosorex squamipes, Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus were the dominant species with the constituent ratio being 38.75%, 25.14% and 19.27%, respectively. The average rate of the murine-like animals infected with fleas and the total flea index were 6.74% and 0.29, respectively. Five species of parasitic fleas were collected including Leptopsylla segnis （79.16%）, Xenopsylla cheopis （1.08%）, Monopsyllus anisus （2.54%）, Palaeopsylla remota （8.90%） and Ctenocephalides felis （8.32%）. Conclusion There exist important reservoir host of plague, Leptospinosis and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and X. cheopis which is an important vector of plague in the Three Gorges Reservoir. There are abundant species of the murine-like animals with relatively low density, low flea infection rate and low total flea index.
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第4期317-319,共3页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
关键词
三峡重庆库区
鼠形动物
寄生蚤
Chongqing Reservoir Area of the Three Gorges； Rat-like animals； Parasitic fleas
