摘要
目的食品安全应当建立在检验和风险评价技术基础上,作者把补碘过量定义为摄入量超过生理需要量上限值(300μg/d)且与碘非致癌作用人类健康慢性最低风险水平值[MRL=0.005 mg/(kg.d)]一致。由于2010年的《中国食盐加碘和居民碘营养状况的风险评估》报告存在碘缺乏定义(尿碘中位数小于100或等于100μg/L且至少50%人群尿碘低于100μg/L)界定不清和错误运用碘可耐受最高摄入量(UL=1 000μg/d),而不是以MRL作为健康风险暴露量评价起始点(POD),无法说明我国自1995年实行全民食盐加碘预防碘缺乏病(IDD)策略以来一直有大于50%人群处在MRL以上必要性。补碘效应必须考量个体先前存在的背景摄入量及与背景摄入量有关的机体生理适应能力,补碘过量可以导致易感人群甲状腺功能减弱、甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺炎和甲状腺癌发生健康风险。
The food safety should be established on the basis of inspection and risk assessment technology.The excessive nutritional iodine is defined as： iodine intake exceeds the upper limit of physiological requirement（300 μg/d）,and is equivalent with chronic minimal risk level of iodine on human health with non carcinogenic effects.Because the China risk assessment for salt iodine and iodine nutritional status of residents（2010） unclearly defines the iodine deficiency（the median urinary iodine level is equal to or lower than 100 μg/L,meanwhile the urinary iodine levels of at least 50% of the population are lower than 100 μg/L） and mistakenly uses the tolerable upper intake of iodine（UL=1 000 μg/d）,which MRL is not regarded as the starting point of health risk assessment,it cannot explain the necessity of the implementation of universal salt iodization for preventing the iodine deficiency disorders（IDD） since1995.The effect of iodine supplementation must act according to the individual background intake and the physiological adaptation ability related to the background intake.The excessive iodine supplementation may induce the hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism,thyroiditis and health risk of thyroid among the susceptible population.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2012年第16期2038-2041,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
碘毒作用模式
补碘过量
最低风险水平
健康风险暴露评定
Iodine toxicity mode
Excessive nutritional iodine
Minimal risk level
Health risk assessment
