摘要
【目的】为优化肥料类型组合和用量、确定果实品质最佳的采收期,【方法】以5年生‘黄金梨’为材料,应用田间试验方法,研究了5种肥料类型对不同采收期‘黄金梨’果实糖、有机酸组分含量和风味的影响。【结果】结果表明,施用堆肥+叶片喷施氨基酸肥或腐熟动物废弃料可显著提高果实总糖、蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量,降低总酸及苹果酸、酒石酸含量,而施用鸡粪+草炭或堆肥+生物菌肥与单施农家堆肥相比效果不明显。采样期间(9月14日—10月10日),不同肥料类型处理‘黄金梨’果实总糖和果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖含量及风味指数均先增加后降低,总酸和苹果酸、酒石酸含量则先降低后增加,9月28日采样时总糖及各糖分含量最高,总酸及有机酸组分含量最低,糖酸比和风味指数最大,且以堆肥+叶片喷施氨基酸肥或腐熟动物废弃料两个处理效果最好。【结论】综合分析,‘黄金梨’施用堆肥+叶片喷施氨基酸肥或腐熟动物废弃料有利于提高果实内在品质和风味;9月28日左右是北京地区黄金梨果实采收的最适时期。
[Objective]To optimize manure application method and acquire the optimum harvest timing, [Method]the field experiment was carried out to investigate sugar and organic acid contents and flavor in 5-year-old ‘Hwangkumbae＇ pear at different mature stages after the application of five type manures. [Result] Total sugar, fructose, glucose and sucrose contents increased significantly, and total acid, mal- ie acid and citric acid decreased in the treatments of compost manure ＋ amino acid fertilizer and mature animal waste compost, however, two treatments of chicken dung ＋ peat and compost manure ＋ bacterial manure showed no significant difference compared with CK（compost manure）. Fruit total sugar, fructose, glucose and sucrose contents and flavor index increased and then decreased, however, total acid, malic acid and citric acid had the opposite changes during the sampling period （14 Sept.-10 Oct. ）. The highest sugar content and flavor index and the lowest total acid and organic acid contents were observed on 28 Sept. [Conclusion] The results suggested that compost manure ＋ amino acid fertilizer and mature animal waste could increase fruit quality and flavor, and the optimum harvest timing for ‘Hwangkumbae＇ pear is about on 28 Sept. in Beijing.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期804-808,共5页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29)
公益性行业(农业)科技专项(3-38)
关键词
'黄金梨’
有机肥料
糖
有机酸
风味
‘Hwangkumbae＇ pear
Manure types
Sugar
Organic acid
Flavor
