摘要
计算机建模在工程技术、生产管理、军事指挥、交通物流、生命科学乃至社会人文领域均得到广泛的应用。详细论述了计算机建模在空气污染治理中的运用并深入探讨了其优势和局限性。首先介绍了目前空气质量模型的分类,对比了各类模型的建模机理和算法。接着以广泛应用的CMAQ模型为代表,分析了欧拉三维格点模型在模型结构和区域性环境规划方面的优势,着重介绍了最新发布的CMAQ 5.0,论述了它的各项新特征如何提高其在模拟环境污染物浓度方面的准确度。接着结合实例详细介绍了CMAQ及其敏感度模块在空气质量预警预报和大气污染控制方案评估、决策中的应用。最后对空气质量模型的发展趋势进行了总结与展望,针对其局限性提出建设性意见并指出了今后的模型发展方向。
Numerical models have been widely used to solve problems with complex systems. Earth atmosphere is such a system that numerical models have been established to simulate its major physical and chemical processes. The application of numerical models in air quality management and environmental regulatory decision making was investigated. The modeling mechanisms and computational algorithms of three types of air quality models were intensively analyzed and comprehensively compared. In particular, emphasis has been placed on one of the most widely used 3D grid model, the Community Muhiscale Air Quality （CMAQ） model, by detailing its governing equations, model structure and the improvements in the newly released version, CMAQ 5.0. The advanced sensitivity analysis module of the CMAQ model was discussed, focusing on its implications to emission control strategy evaluation and decision making. One major contribution of this work was the study of the limitations of present air qualitv models and three innovative solutions for future model imDrovements.
出处
《环境科技》
2012年第5期73-77,共5页
Environmental Science and Technology
