摘要
目的了解上海市田林社区70岁老年人的视力状况并分析其影响因素。方法采取普查方式对社区925例70岁老年人进行日常生活视力及眼部情况检查,同时进行戴镜或小孔镜测量矫正视力,对矫正视力<0.3者进行必要的眼科检查确定引起视力损伤的主要病因;统计老年人视力情况,分析影响视力及致盲和低视力的原因。结果925例受检老年人中低视力患病率为4.65%(43/925),双盲患病率为1.19%(11/925)。女性老年人低视力及双盲的患病率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(6.07%vs.3.13%,1.88%vs.0.45%,P<0.05)。而不同文化程度的老年人低视力及双盲的患病率间差异均无统计学意义(5.59%vs.3.35%,1.49%vs.0.77%,P>0.05)。引起视力损伤的主要病因为白内障、黄斑变性和视网膜病变。结论上海市田林社区70岁老年人中低视力以双盲的患病率与性别有关,女性高于男性,但与文化程度无关;白内障是引起视力损伤的最主要因素,针对本社区致盲和低视力的主要原因,现阶段应以白内障复明手术为老年人眼保健工作的重点,同时兼顾其他疾病的防治。
Objective To evaluate the visual acuity and related factors in 70 -year -old People in Shanghai Tianlin community. Methods Using the methods of Census. The visual acuity of daily life was checked in elderly people aged 70 in the community and then a thorough ocular examination were performed. The vision was corrected and other necessary examinations were performed if the corrected vision was less than 0. 3. The value of visual acuity before and after correction was analyzed. The risk factors which caused the visual acuity decline, low vision and blindness were analyzed. Results Prevalence of low vision was 4. 65% （43/925） and blindness was 1.19% （11/925 ） in 925 persons who were examined. The prevalence of low vision and blindness of female were higher than male, and there were significant difference （6. 07% vs. 3.13% , 1.88% vs. 0.45% , P 〈 0. 05）. The prevalence rate was no significant difference in different cultural levels of older people with low vision and blind- ness （5.59% vs. 3.35% , 1.49% vs. 0.77% , P 〉 0. 05 ）. The main diseases which caused the visual acuity decline were cataract, retinal disease and macular degeneration. Conclusion It was related with gender in prevalence of low vision and blindness of older people who were 70 years old in Shanghai Tianlin community. In accordance with the main causes of the blind- ness and low vision, cataract operations should be the main work and give consideration on prevention and treatment of other path- ogenic of blindness.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第29期3374-3376,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
视力
低
老年人
影响因素
社区
Vision, low
Aged
Influencing factors
Community
