摘要
美国私人基金会在大学科研发展中扮演着重要角色。20世纪初,当政府和企业并不关注大学科研时,是私人基金会为大学科技研发提供了物质保障;20世纪30年代,在经济危机、种族歧视等社会问题的影响下,私人基金会怀着治愈社会病患的信念,将资助目光投向社会科学研究;二战后,为应对"冷战"形势,私人基金会加大了国家战略研究的投入;伴随联邦政府对大学科学研究投入的经费剧增,私人基金会在政府所及之外,开辟出别有洞天的支持方略。美国私人基金会支持大学科研的发展特点,为我国大学科研发展提供了启示与借鉴。
foundations have been playing an important role in university research.In the early nineteenth century,university research in the US was financially supported by private foundations rather than government or industry.In 1930s,for the purpose of solving various social problems such as economic crisis and racial discrimination,private foundations began to sponsor social science research programs in the university.During the postwar period,in response to cold war confrontations,private foundations stepped up support for national strategy research in the university.Later,as federal funding for university research increased enormously,private foundations managed to differentiate itself by focusing on innovative and exploratory research programs.This study on the evolution of private sponsorship of university research in the US hopes to provide some useful insights on strengthening support for university research in China.
出处
《现代大学教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第5期35-41,112-113,共7页
Modern University Education
基金
2010年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"大学学术资本研究"
项目编号:10YJA880042
关键词
美国私人基金会
大学
科学研究
private foundations in the US
university
scientific research
