摘要
目的调查东莞市居民对社区卫生服务的知晓情况和实际利用情况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用多级随机抽样方法,以东莞市32个镇区年龄在10岁以上的居民为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查。调查内容包括基本情况、对社区卫生服务的认知情况和利用情况等。回收问卷进行描述性统计分析,并分析影响因素。结果共发放调查问卷1 245份,回收有效问卷1 200份,有效回收率为96.4%。居民对社区卫生服务的知晓率为91.0%(1 092/1 200),对社区卫生服务的利用率为74.0%(888/1 200),其中年龄、文化程度、收入水平和参保形式等是影响居民利用社区卫生服务的因素。年龄越大,对社区卫生服务的利用率越高,60岁及以上的居民有94.7%(216/228)选择社区卫生服务;学历层次越高,对社区卫生服务的利用率越低,本科及以上居民只有46.7%(84/180)选择社区卫生服务;收入水平越高,对社区卫生服务的利用率越低,月收入6 000元以上居民只有41.2%(84/204)选择社区卫生服务;参加新型农村合作医疗的居民利用率最高,达到83.8%(372/444),而参加商业保险的居民利用率最低,只有33.3%(12/36);步行11～20 min的人群社区卫生服务的利用率最高,达到86.4%(456/528),步行30 min以上的人群利用率最低,只有60.0%(72/120)。居民在社区卫生服务机构利用最多的单项服务是看病(21.8%,194/888)和健康咨询(19.7%,175/888),而老年护理(4.1%,36/888)和家庭病床的利用最少(3.2%,28/888)。结论东莞市居民对社区卫生服务的认知和利用程度较高,但仍有部分项目利用不足;居民年龄、文化程度、经济收入和参保形式等是影响社区卫生服务利用的主要因素。
Objective To investigate the awareness and utilization of community health services and the influencing factors among residents in Dongguan. Methods A total of 1 245 subjects were selected among residents above 10 years old in 32 districts of Dongguan using multistage random sampling. A self - designed questionnaire was used to collect the subjects＇ basic in- formation, awareness and utilization of community health services. Descriptive analyses were conducted and influencing factors were explored. Results A total of 1 200 out of 1 245 （96.4%） questionnaires were completed and collected. The residents＇ awareness rate and utilization rate of community health services was 91.0% （ 1 092/1 200） and 74. 0% （888/1 200）, respec- tively. The utilization rate increased with the residents＇ age, decreased with their education level and income. Those who joined the new rural cooperative medical insurance had the highest utilization rate （372/444, 83.8% ）, while those who joined the commercial insurance had the lowest （12/36, 33.3% ）. The residents within 10 -20 minutes＇ walk to the community health center/station had the highest utilization rate （456/528, 86.4% ） while those farther than 30 minutes＇ walk had the lowest （72/ 120, 60. 0% ）. Medical treatment （21.8%） and health consultation （ 19. 7% ） were the most frequently used services, while aged care （4. 1% ） and family care （3.2%） were the lest used. Conclusion The awareness and utilization of community health services among residents in Dongguan are relatively high, but there are still some underused services. Age, education level, income and insurance type are the principal influencing factors.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第28期3230-3232,共3页
Chinese General Practice
基金
广东省哲学社会科学"十二五"规划2011年度青年项目(GD11YSH04)
关键词
社区卫生服务
认知
利用
影响因素
Community health services
Awareness
Utilization
Influencing factors
