摘要
以中国地级以上城市为研究样本,将货运量作为切入点,把城市流模型改造为城市货运外向服务功能模型,应用ArcGIS空间分析手段,测算各城市水陆空等不同运输方式货运外向服务功能。对1989年和2008年的数据和计算结果进行对比,揭示货运外向服务功能在中国城市体系中的空间分布规律和等级结构,考察各城市在整个国家层面和所在区域货运空间联系中的地位和作用。结果表明:(1),我国中心城市货运外向服务功能北方分布广,南方强度高,以城市群为单位的外向货运密集区优势明显。(2),东部沿海省市的城市货运外向服务价值比重在近20年明显下降,但相应货运比重上升,表明其大宗货物运输的外向服务占全国比重明显上升。(3),不同运输方式的城市货运外向服务格局差异很大,并在国际、区际、城市群和市域等不同空间尺度上的运输联系职能上形成分工。(4),中心城市物流外向服务能力可分为国家中心、跨区域(副)中心、省域(副)中心、(跨)市域中心四个功能等级。我国中心城市货运外向服务能力受多种复杂因素综合影响,与城市GDP及货运规模成正比,受区位熵反映的经济区位和运输区位影响很大,与不同方式货运结构及运输距离密切相关。
Taking prefecture cities of Chinese mainland as examples,and changing the model of urban flows into the model of urban extrovert service function,this paper quantifies freight extrovert service function of central cities based on different transport models with the aid of ArcGIS.The comparison of the calculation of related data in 1989 and 2008 reveals a spatial distribution law and a hierarchical structure of freight extrovert service function of central cities,with which the position and function of each city in the national and astride regional freight spatial connection is investigated.The results are shown as follows.First,the freight extrovert service function of central cities in China is distributed widely in north and intensively in south,and the advantage of urban agglomeration is obvious.Second,the proportion of the extrovert service value distinctly decreased in eastern coastal provinces in recent 20 years,while that of freight increased,which indicates that the mass freight had a larger proportion in the country.Third,there are significant differences in the extrovert service pattern of central cities＇ freight based on different transportation modes.As a result,different central cities formed the function division in the different spatial transportation connection.Fourth,this research divides the freight extrovert service ability of central cities into four functional levels,which are the national,the astride regional,the provincial and the civic. As a conclusion,the freight extrovert service function of central cities has been affected by various factors in China.It is directly proportional to urban GDP and freight scale,and it is greatly affected by economic location and transportation location.Also it has a close relationship with the structure and distance of different types of freight transportation.
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期1849-1860,共12页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41101114
41071094)
关键词
中心城市
货运外向服务功能
等级结构
空间体系
central city
freight extrovert service function
hierarchical structure
spatial system
