摘要
Rickettsia是传播和引起人类与其他脊椎动物疾病的胞内共生菌。引起脊椎动物疾病的这些Rickettsia,其部分生活史是在节肢动物体内完成的;而另外许多Rickettsia,其整个生活史都是在宿主节肢动物体内完成。为了叙述方便,把前者称为脊椎动物Rickettsia,后者称为节肢动物Rickettsia。过去的研究主要集中在医学上具有重大意义的脊椎动物Rickettsia,而关于节肢动物Rickettsia的生物学特性等研究则相对较少。近年来,研究者们加大了对昆虫Rickettsia的研究,发现昆虫Rickettsia广泛分布于昆虫中,且有两种存在形式。其可以通过垂直卵传的方式在世代间传递,也可以通过寄生蜂和寄主植物达到在昆虫之间传播的目的。昆虫Rickettsia可通过诱导孤雌生殖、诱导杀雄等方式影响宿主的生殖行为。其对不同宿主昆虫可产生对宿主有利或有害的作用;可增强宿主昆虫抵御高温和寄生蜂的能力,与宿主昆虫对药剂的敏感性相关。最后,昆虫Rickettsia具有一个简化的基因组,且存在进一步减小的可能性。
Rickettsia species are intracellular symbionts of eukaryotes that are well known for infecting and causing serious diseases in humans and other vertebrates. All known vertebrate associated Rickettsia bacteria are vectored by arthropods as part of their life-cycle, and many other Rickettsia species are found exclusively in arthropods without any secondary host. For convenience, we refer t~ the former as vertebrate Rickettsia and the latter as arthropod Rickettsia. Previous research ef｜~rls ttlainly focused on medically important vertebrate Rickettsia. The biological studies of arthropl~,l Ri~＇k~~ttsia were limited. In recent years, more efforts have been made on the insect svt^l~iont Rickettsia and considerable achievements have been obtained. The insect symbiont Rickettsi~ is distributed among insects, and two different localization patterns exist in the same insect species. It can transmit vertically through eggs, and horizontally through parasitic wasps and host plants. It can influence the host reproduction by male-killing and parthenogenesis. It has beneficial or detrimental effects on its hosts and can increase the tolerance of its hosts to high temperature and parasitic wasps, and is correlated with its hosts＇ susceptibility to insecticides. The insect symbiont Rickettsia has a reduced genome and might undergo considerable further reduction.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第9期1103-1108,共6页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
国家"973"计划项目(2012CB017359)
蔬菜有害生物控制与优质栽培北京市重点实验室资助项目
关键词
立克次体属
昆虫
胞内共生菌
分布
传播
功能
基因组
Rickettsia
insect
intracellular symbiont
distribution
transmission
function
genome
